很难通过全局更改颜色来做到这一点，因为您会从其他控件中获得令人困惑的效果。
更改列表框的背景颜色以匹配给定状态，例如非活动或禁用，可以通过获取像这样的普通列表框模板来实现...
<Style x:Key="{x:Type ListBox}" TargetType="ListBox">
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto" />
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="120" />
<Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="95" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListBox">
<Border Name="Border" BorderThickness="1" CornerRadius="2">
<Border.Background>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource ControlLightColor}" />
</Border.Background>
<Border.BorderBrush>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource BorderMediumColor}" />
</Border.BorderBrush>
<ScrollViewer Margin="0" Focusable="false">
<StackPanel Margin="2" IsItemsHost="True" />
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="Background">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource DisabledControlLightColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter TargetName="Border" Property="BorderBrush">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource DisabledBorderLightColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsGrouping" Value="true">
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="false" />
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<Style x:Key="{x:Type ListBoxItem}" TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle" Value="true" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ListBoxItem">
<Border x:Name="Border" Padding="2" SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
<Border.Background>
<SolidColorBrush Color="Transparent" />
</Border.Background>
<VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
<VisualStateGroup x:Name="SelectionStates">
<VisualState x:Name="Unselected" />
<VisualState x:Name="Selected">
<Storyboard>
<ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="Border"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.Background).(SolidColorBrush.Color)">
<EasingColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0"
Value="{StaticResource SelectedBackgroundColor}" />
</ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</VisualState>
<VisualState x:Name="SelectedUnfocused">
<Storyboard>
<ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetName="Border"
Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.Background).(SolidColorBrush.Color)">
<EasingColorKeyFrame KeyTime="0"
Value="{StaticResource SelectedUnfocusedColor}" />
</ColorAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</VisualState>
</VisualStateGroup>
</VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups>
<ContentPresenter />
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
...并将其添加到您的窗口资源中。请注意，模板引用了一组颜色，这些颜色在对象图中被进一步定义为...
<Color x:Key="DisabledControlLightColor">#FFE8EDF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledControlDarkColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledForegroundColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlLightColor">White</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlMediumColor">#FF7381F9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlDarkColor">#FF211AA9</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderLightColor">#FFCCCCCC</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderMediumColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderDarkColor">#FF444444</Color>
<Color x:Key="SelectedBackgroundColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="SelectedUnfocusedColor">#FFDDDDDD</Color>
... 这些可以替换为透明的 WPF 值，即 #00FFFFFF。这会将 ALL 颜色更改为透明，只要模板中存在引用。 StoryBoard 颜色是指系统颜色，需要单独更改。或者完全删除故事板。
一旦您获得所需样式的工作模型，您就可以有选择地向资源和样式列表框添加一个键。
正如发布的那样，这一切都在 4.5 下编译并运行干净...
有趣的链接是...
ListBox Styles and Templates
Color values
还有一个非常有用的工具，用于检查 WPF dll 中的模板：http://www.sellsbrothers.com/tools/ShowMeTheTemplate.zip