如何将一天中的时间分成 3 个时段：早上、下午和晚上？

Question

我正在寻找包含特定数字的数组中的值。基本上，我希望绘制一个图形访问，并希望将其作为“早上”、“下午”和“晚上”进行。所以我想计算时间，例如 17:38 和 17，然后计算它们，这样我就可以分类访问是早上、下午还是晚上。

$time_array = array("17:45","13:12","09:29","17:32","16:49","14:18");

$counts = array_count_values($time_array);
$morning_counts = $counts['09'] + $counts['10'] + $counts['11'];
$afternoon_counts = $counts['12'] + $counts['13'] + $counts['14'] + $counts['15'] + $counts['16'];
$evening_counts = $counts['17'] + $counts['18'] + $counts['19'] + $counts['20'] + $counts['21'] + $counts['22'] + $counts['23'];

样本数据的预期输出：

$morning_counts = 1
$afternoon_count = 3
$evening_counts = 2

Answer 1

您可以通过创建计数器变量来做到这一点。然后我们可以使用range() 创建时间范围范围。然后获取时间字符串中:之前的值作为小时，然后将其与范围进行比较，如果在范围内，则将计数器加1。

<?php
    $time_array = array("17:45","13:12","09:29","17:32","16:49","14:18");

    # create counter vars
    $mornCount = 0;
    $afternoonCount = 0;
    $eveCount = 0;

    # create range of times to compare against
    $mornRange = range(0, 11);
    $afternoonRange = range(12, 16);
    $eveRange = range(17, 23);

    foreach ($time_array as $time)
    {
        $compareTimeArr = explode(':', $time); # get first two chars of time
        $compareTime = $compareTimeArr[0];

        if (in_array($compareTime, $mornRange)) {
            $mornCount++;
        } elseif (in_array($compareTime, $afternoonRange)) {
            $afternoonCount++;
        } elseif (in_array($compareTime, $eveRange)) {
            $eveCount++;
        }
    }

    echo '<pre>'. print_r($mornCount,1) .'</pre>';
    echo '<pre>'. print_r($afternoonCount,1) .'</pre>';
    echo '<pre>'. print_r($eveCount,1) .'</pre>';

参考：

https://secure.php.net/manual/en/function.in-array.php

https://secure.php.net/manual/en/function.explode.php

https://secure.php.net/manual/en/function.range.php

Answer 2

最简单的选择：

$time_array = array("17:45","13:12","09:29","17:32","16:49","14:18");
$times = [];
foreach ($time_array as $time) {
    $times[] = substr($time, 0, 2);
}

// Proceed with original code, but swap $time_array for $times

我觉得它很丑。我通常建议使用 DateTimes 或 DatePeriods 而不是字符串。

Answer 3

如果你真的很简单，你可以在 switch 语句中做到这一点

<?php
$time_array = array("17:45","13:12","09:29","17:32","16:49","14:18");

$morn = 0;
$after = 0;
$eve = 0;
$other = 0;
foreach ($time_array as $time) {
    $t = explode(':',$time)[0];
    switch ($t) {
        case '09':
        case '10':
        case '11':
        case '12':
            $morn++;
            break;

        case '13':
        case '14':
        case '15':
        case '16':
            $after++;
            break;

        case '17':
        case '18':
        case '19':
        case '20':
        case '21':
        case '22':
        case '23':
            $eve++;
            break;
        default:
            $other++;
    }
}
echo "Morning = $morn<br>";
echo "Afternoon = $after<br>";
echo "Evening= $eve<br>";
echo "Other = $other<br>";

Answer 4

这应该只需要几行代码：

$counts = array_reduce($time_array, function($counts, $time) {
  $hour = (int)substr($time, 0, 2);
  $moment = in_array($hour, range(9, 12)) ? 'morning' : (in_array($hour, range(13, 16)) ? 'afternoon' : 'evening');
  $counts[$moment]++;
  return $counts;
}, ['morning' => 0, 'afternoon' => 0, 'evening' => 0]);

Demo here

Answer 5

这里有另一个解决方案

<?php
$time_array = array("17:45","13:12","09:29","17:32","16:49","14:18");
$counts = countValues($time_array);
$morning_counts = $counts['09'] + $counts['10'] + $counts['11'] + $counts['12'];
$afternoon_counts = $counts['12'] + $counts['13'] + $counts['14'] + $counts['15'] + $counts['16'];
$evening_counts = $counts['17'] + $counts['18'] + $counts['19'] + $counts['20'] + $counts['21'] + $counts['22'] + $counts['23'] + $counts['24'];

var_dump($morning_counts, $afternoon_counts, $evening_counts);

function countValues($time_array) {
    $result = [];
    for ($i = 0; $i <= 23; $i++) {
        $key = ($i < 10) ? ('0' . $i) : (string) $i;
        $result[$key] = 0;
    }
    foreach ($time_array as $time) {
        $key = strstr($time, ':', true);
        $result[$key]++;
    }
    return $result;
}

Answer 6

使用preg_match 您还可以获得次数。

$time_array = array("17:45","13:12","09:29","17:32","16:49","14:18");
function time_results($time_array){
    $result = array('morning_counts'=>0,'afternoon_counts'=>0,'evening_counts'=>0,'total'=>0);
    $result['total'] = count($time_array);
    foreach($time_array as $time){
        if(preg_match('/^(09|10|11|12)\:*/',$time)){
            $result['morning_counts'] += 1;
        }else if(preg_match('/^(13|14|15|16)\:*/',$time)){
            $result['afternoon_counts'] += 1;
        }else if(preg_match('/^(17|18|19|20|21|22|23|24)\:*/',$time)){
            $result['evening_counts'] += 1;
        }
    }
    return $result;
}

var_dump(time_results($time_array));
/*
result : array(4) { ["morning_counts"]=> int(1) ["afternoon_counts"]=> int(3) ["evening_counts"]=> int(2) ["total"]=> int(6) } 
*/

Answer 7

这是我第一次在不调用 usort() 的 sn-p 上使用“宇宙飞船运算符”又名“3 路比较运算符”。

它非常适合这项任务，因为您想为您的时间值生成三个存储桶。

spaceship 运算符返回三个不同值之一：-1、0 和 1。它的工作是比较两个字符串并确定左侧的值是less than、equal to 还是greater than 右侧的值——然后返回我上一句中提到的相应数值。

要设置这个唯一的比较运算符（可从 php7+ 获得），我们需要将输入的数字归结为可以正确“分桶”。

大多数人都急于explode()（并且经常不使用第三个参数（限制）来通知 php 需要不超过 2 个元素）。我不这样做，因为我不喜欢仅仅为了捕获子字符串而从字符串生成数组。因为时间值的格式是可预测的，所以完成任务的最佳工具是substr($time, 0, 2)，但紧随其后的是strstr($time, ':', true)，如果你想变得棘手，"$time[0]$time[1]"。

我希望我的内联 cmets 能够消除关于我简洁而强大的 sn-p 的任何其他困惑。 （只需 4 行工作代码！）

代码：(Demo)

$time_array = ["17:45", "13:12", "09:29", "17:32", "16:49", "14:18"];

$buckets = array_fill_keys([-1, 0, 1], 0);  // initialize buckets with 0 values

foreach ($time_array as $time) {
    ++$buckets[(int)sqrt(substr($time, 0, 2) - 8) <=> 2];
    //                                            ^^^^^-- 3-way comparison versus 2 
    //                                       ^^^--------- subtract 8 from the two-digit number
    //                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^------------- extract first two digits from time string
    //             ^^^^^^-------------------------------- get squareroot value
    //         ^^^^--------------------------------- convert to integer (truncate decimals)
}

echo "Morning Count: {$buckets[-1]}\n";   // Hours: 00:00 to 11:59 ->12hrs (calculates as: 0, 1)
echo "Afternoon Count: {$buckets[0]}\n";  // Hours: 12:00 to 16:59 -> 5hrs (calculates as: 2)
echo "Evening Count: {$buckets[1]}";      // Hours: 17:00 to 23:59 -> 7hrs (calculates as: 3, 4)

输出：

Morning Count: 1
Afternoon Count: 3
Evening Count: 2

---

计算过程如何分解？

foreach (range(0, 23) as $t) {
    $calc = (float)sqrt($t - 8);
    echo "$t: " , (int)$calc , " ... [float value from sqrt was: $calc]\n";
}

从时间值0 到23 的细分：

//  |--------------------------------------------input time value
//  v  v-----------------------------------------final calculated value
//                                       vvv-----before converted to integer value
    0: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    1: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    2: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    3: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    4: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    5: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    6: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    7: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: NAN]
    8: 0 ... [float value from sqrt was: 0]
    9: 1 ... [float value from sqrt was: 1]
    10: 1 ... [float value from sqrt was: 1.4142135623731]
    11: 1 ... [float value from sqrt was: 1.7320508075689]
    12: 2 ... [float value from sqrt was: 2]
    13: 2 ... [float value from sqrt was: 2.2360679774998]
    14: 2 ... [float value from sqrt was: 2.4494897427832]
    15: 2 ... [float value from sqrt was: 2.6457513110646]
    16: 2 ... [float value from sqrt was: 2.8284271247462]
    17: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3]
    18: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3.1622776601684]
    19: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3.3166247903554]
    20: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3.4641016151378]
    21: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3.605551275464]
    22: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3.7416573867739]
    23: 3 ... [float value from sqrt was: 3.8729833462074]