Android Pie 上的 Delphi Android API 级别 28 - 如何获得前台服务权限？

Question

我正在使用 Delphi 10.3.2 build 6593 编译一个在 10.2.3 build 2631 中运行良好的应用程序。它有自己的服务。由于 SDK API 级别现在是 28，我必须专门针对我需要的权限进行编码，但我不知道如何请求 ForeGroundService 权限。

这里与我能找到的关于这个问题的任何 Android Java 文档都没有关联。这是针对 Android 的特定 Delphi 实现。

Androidapi.JNI.Os 中没有我需要的常量。结果，Android Pie 手机报告

未授予前台服务权限

我认为 Embarcadero 有一些追赶的工作，这个问题将在 10.3.3 发布时得到解决。任何人都可以确认这一点，或提供 cmets 或解决方案。谢谢。

private
  FPermittoVibrate: Boolean;
  FVibratePermission: String;
  FPermitAccessFineLocation: Boolean;
  FAccessFineLocation: String;
  FPermitNetworkState: Boolean;
  FNetworkStatePermission: String;
  FPermitWifiState: Boolean;
  FWifiStatePermission: String;
  FPermitPhoneState: Boolean;
  FPhoneStatePermission: String;
  FPermitForeGroundService: Boolean;
  FForegroundServicePermission: String;

procedure TfrmTabbed.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  FPermittoVibrate := False;
  FVibratePermission := JStringToString(TJManifest_permission.JavaClass.VIBRATE);
  FPermitAccessFineLocation := False;
  FAccessFineLocation := JStringToString(TJManifest_permission.JavaClass.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
  FPermitNetworkState := False;
  FNetworkStatePermission := JStringToString(TJManifest_permission.JavaClass.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE);
  FPermitWifistate := False;
  FWifiStatePermission := JStringToString(TJManifest_permission.JavaClass.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE);
  FPermitPhoneState := False;
  FPhoneStatePermission := JStringToString(TJManifest_permission.JavaClass.READ_PHONE_STATE);
  FPermitForeGroundService := False;
  FForegroundServicePermission := JStringToString(TJManifest_permission.JavaClass.??? // <====

procedure TfrmTabbed.FormShow(Sender: TObject);
begin

  PermissionsService.RequestPermissions([
      FVibratePermission
    , FAccessFineLocation
    , FNetworkStatePermission
    , FWifiStatePermission
    , FPhoneStatePermission
    , FForeGroundServicePermission
    ],
    PermissionResult, PermissionRequest
    );

procedure TfrmTabbed.PermissionResult(Sender: TObject;
  const APermissions: TArray<string>;
  const AGrantResults: TArray<TPermissionStatus>);
var
  Permission: String;
  i: Integer;
begin
  for i := 0 to High(APermissions) do
  begin
    Permission := APermissions[i];
    if Permission = FVibratePermission then
      FPermitToVibrate := AGrantResults[i] = TPermissionStatus.Granted
    else if Permission = FAccessFineLocation then
      FPermitAccessFineLocation := AGrantResults[i] = TPermissionStatus.Granted
    else if Permission = FNetworkStatePermission then
      FPermitNetworkState := AGrantResults[i] = TPermissionStatus.Granted
    else if Permission = FWifiStatepermission then
      FPermitWifiState := AGrantResults[i] = TPermissionStatus.Granted
    else if Permission = FPhoneStatePermission then
      FPermitPhoneState := AGrantResults[i] = TPermissionStatus.Granted
    else if Permission = FForeGroundServicePermission then
      FPermitForeGroundService := AGrantResults[i] = TPermissionStatus.Granted
      ;
  end;

if FPermitForeGroundService then
    // START(ing)_NOT_STICKY
    StartService; 

如果您想知道，我请求的其他权限确实是使用此代码授予的，所以没关系。只是未授予 ForegroundService 权限（在运行时）。

附录

Answer 1

我将问题追溯到我的服务中的不兼容（使用 API 28）通知代码。所以，因为服务没有启动，所以没有授予 FOREGROUND SERVICE 权限。作为记录，这是我修改后的代码，其中 API 28 包含打开通道的代码。我希望有人觉得这很有用。

function TMainService.AndroidServiceStartCommand(const Sender: TObject;
  const Intent: JIntent; Flags, StartId: Integer): Integer;
var
  ServiceChannel: JNotificationChannel;
  NotificationManager: JNotificationManager;
  Obj: JObject;
  NewIntent: JIntent;
  ncb: JNotificationCompat_Builder;
  ntf: JNotification;
  PendingIntent: JPendingIntent;
begin

  Result := TJService.JavaClass.START_NOT_STICKY;
  if TJBuild_VERSION.JavaClass.SDK_INT > TJBuild_VERSION_CODES.JavaClass.O then
  begin
    // 28 > 26
    ServiceChannel := TJNotificationChannel.JavaClass.init(
      StringtoJString(CHANNEL_ID),
      StrToJCharSequence('MyApp Service Channel'),
      TJNotificationManager.JavaClass.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT
      );
    Obj := TAndroidHelper.Context.getSystemService(
      TJContext.JavaClass.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    NotificationManager := TJNotificationManager.Wrap(Obj);
    NotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(ServiceChannel);
    PendingIntent := TJPendingIntent.JavaClass.getActivity(
      JavaService.getApplicationContext, 0, Intent, 0
      );
    ncb := TJNotificationCompat_Builder.JavaClass.init(
      TAndroidHelper.Context,
      StringToJString(CHANNEL_ID)
      );
    ncb.setContentTitle(StrToJCharSequence('MyApp Service'));
    // ncb.setTicker(StrToJCharSequence('Communications Service'));
    ncb.setSmallIcon(JavaService.getApplicationInfo.icon);
    ncb.setContentIntent(PendingIntent);
    ncb.setOngoing(True);
    ntf := ncb.build;
  end
  else
  begin
    // earlier notification code (worked under 10.2.3, targetting API 14)
    PendingIntent := TJPendingIntent.JavaClass.getActivity(
      JavaService.getApplicationContext, 0, Intent, 0
      );
    ntf := TJNotification.Create;
    ntf.icon := JavaService.getApplicationInfo.icon;
    ntf.setLatestEventInfo(
      JavaService.getApplicationContext,
      StrToJCharSequence('MyApp Service'),
      StrToJCharSequence('Communications Service'), PendingIntent);
  end;

  JavaService.startForeground(StartId, ntf);

end;