Kotlin：实时数据在数据更改时不会更改 Fragment UI

Question

我很难在 MVVM 模式上使用实时数据。该应用程序应该：

1. 从 API 获取数据（它正确）
2. 将该数据存储在 ViewModel 的 Live data 对象中
3. 然后fragment调用Observer方法填充recyclerView。

问题出现在第 3 点，它什么也没做，我找不到解决方案。

这里是相关代码。 （如有遗漏，我会尽快回复）

主要活动：

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding
    private val viewModel: SharedViewModel by viewModels()

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
        setContentView(binding.root)

        // Custom button to fetch data from api and log the Live Data value.
        binding.refreshFab.setOnClickListener {
            viewModel.fetchPlayerData()
            Log.d("gabs", "${viewModel.livePlayerlist.value}")
        }
    }
}

视图模型：

class SharedViewModel(app: Application): AndroidViewModel(app) {

//    val playerDao = LaRojaDB.getDatabase(app).playerDao()

    lateinit var playerList: Players
    val livePlayerlist: MutableLiveData<MutableList<Players.PlayersItem>> by lazy {
        MutableLiveData<MutableList<Players.PlayersItem>>()
    }

    fun fetchPlayerData() {
        CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch {
            val response = MyService.getLaRojaService().getAllPlayers()
            withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
                if (response.isSuccessful) {
                    val body = response.body()

                    if(!body.isNullOrEmpty()){
                        playerList = body
                        val playerArrayList = mutableListOf<Players.PlayersItem>()
                        playerList.forEach {
                            playerArrayList.add(it)
                        }
                        livePlayerlist.value = playerList
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

显示回收器视图的片段：（片段已经显示，我设置了一个 textView 作为标题，以确保我也是新使用片段。）

class PlayerListFragment : Fragment() {

    private var _binding: FragmentPlayerListBinding? = null
    private val binding get() = _binding!!

    private val model: SharedViewModel by viewModels()

    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        _binding = FragmentPlayerListBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false)
        binding.rvPlayerList.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(activity)

        ----> // This is the observer that does not update the UI** <----
        model.livePlayerlist.observe( viewLifecycleOwner, {
            binding.rvPlayerList.adapter = PlayerAdapter(it)
        })

        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_player_list, container, false)
    }
}

提前谢谢大家，希望我终于可以知道是什么导致了这个问题！

Answer 1

我认为您不需要切换协程上下文。如果我正在查看此代码，我预计会有一些更改：

这应该都在同一个IO 上下文中。然后你 postValue 到你的 liveData。

fun fetchPlayerData() {
   viewModelScope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
      val xx = api.fetch()
      ...
      _playerState.postValue(xx) //see below
   }
}

此外，最好不要公开可变状态，因此您的 ViewModel 不应该公开MutableLiveData（它不应该真的很懒惰）。但是最好将状态封装在一个密封的类中：

    //delete this
    val livePlayerlist: MutableLiveData<MutableList<Players.PlayersItem>> by lazy {
        MutableLiveData<MutableList<Players.PlayersItem>>()
    }

应该是：（名称只是伪代码，我不知道这段代码是关于什么的）

sealed class PlayerDataState {
  data class ListAvailable(data: List<Players.PlayersItem>>): PlayerDataState
  object Loading(): PlayerDataState
}

还有你的新 LiveData：

private val _playerState = MutableLiveData<PlayerDataState>()
val playerState: LiveData<PlayerDataState>() get() = _playerState

最后，从 UI 观察时，您只需...

model.playerState.observe(viewLifecycleOwner, {
   when (it) {
     is Loading -> ... 
     is ListAvailable -> binding.rvPlayerList.adapter = PlayerAdapter(it.data)
   }
}