当遇到 has_secure_password 提供的方法时，rails 控制台中的“未定义的局部变量或方法”

Question

我的问题是当我尝试使用 rails 控制台更新我收到NoMethodError: undefined method 'update_attribute'的用户电子邮件时

在解决我尝试过的问题时 current_user = user.authrnticate(foobar) 回复NameError: undefined local variable or method 'user' for main:Object

这让我相信“rails c”没有正确使用或看到 user.rb 文件。

我尝试在执行 [rake db:test:prepare] 和 [rake db:migrate] 之前和之后重新启动 Rails 服务器。

我的 [rails c] 将执行 user.rb 中未定义的方法。

Rspec 运行没有问题。 user_spec 中的所有测试都通过了。当我注释掉 has_secure_password 时，所有测试都失败了。

require 'spec_helper'

describe User do

before do 
    @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com",
                      password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end

subject { @user }

it { should respond_to(:name) }
it { should respond_to(:email) }
it { should respond_to(:password_digest) } 
it { should respond_to(:password) }
it { should respond_to(:password_confirmation) }
it { should respond_to(:authenticate) }

it { should be_valid }

describe "when name is not present" do
    before { @user.name = " " }
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when email is not present" do
    before { @user.email = " " }
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when name is to long" do
    before { @user.name = "a" * 51 }
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when email format is invalid" do
    it "should be invalid" do
        addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo. 
                                        foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar+baz.com]
        addresses.each do |invalid_address|
            @user.email = invalid_address
            @user.should_not be_valid
        end
    end
end

describe "when email format is valid" do
    it "should be valid" do
        addresses = %w[user@foo.COM A_US-ER@f.b.org frst.lst@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn]
        addresses.each do |valid_address|
            @user.email = valid_address
            @user.should be_valid
        end
    end
end

describe "when email address is already taken" do
    before do
        user_with_same_email = @user.dup
        user_with_same_email.email = @user.email.upcase
        user_with_same_email.save
    end

    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when password is not present" do
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = " " }
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when password doesn't match confirmation " do
    before { @user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" }
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when password confirmation is nil" do
    before { @user.password_confirmation = nil }
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "when password is too short" do
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = "a" * 5}
    it { should_not be_valid }
end

describe "return value of authenticate method" do
    before { @user.save }
    let(:found_user) { User.find_by_email(@user.email) }

    describe "with valid password" do
        it { should == found_user.authenticate(@user.password) }
    end

    describe "with invalid password" do
        let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }

        it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password }
        specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false }
    end
end
end 

我的 user.rb 是

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :name, :email, :password, :password_confirmation
  has_secure_password

  before_save { |user| user.email = user.email.downcase }

  validates :name,  presence: true, length: { maximum: 50 }
  VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i
  validates :email, presence: true, format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX },
                                    uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
  validates :password, presence: true, length: {minimum: 6 }
  validates :password_confirmation, presence: true
end

and here is the entire project on github

我已经详尽地寻找了一个解决方案，包括对 ActiveRecord 文档的痛苦阅读，但我被难住了。

非常感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

许多辅助方法无法在控制台中调用。

您通常可以通过 helper.helpername 调用它们来访问它们，但这并不总是有效

您如何从数据库中获取用户？

例如user = User.find_by_name('name')

Answer 2

这个错误：

NameError: undefined local variable or method 'user' for main:Object

表示您没有实例化变量用户。

您是否将用户从数据库中提取到用户变量中？

您的 irb 会话应如下所示：

检查数据库中是否有用户：

> User.all

如果您在名为“Jon”的数据库中有一个有效用户

> user = User.find_by_name("Jon")
> current_user = user.auhenticate("valid_password") #will work

如果数据库中没有用户：

> User.create(name: "Jon", email: "user@example.com",
                  password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
> user = User.find_by_name("Jon")
> current_user = user.auhenticate("valid_password") #will work

RSpec 使用测试数据库，但 rails c 默认使用开发数据库，​​因此当您想在 rails c 中处理它时，请确保您的开发数据库中有记录。

rails c 命令正在加载你所有的项目库。