Kivy 1.9.1 Windows 包 .spec 单个 exe

Question

我想为我的应用制作一个 Windows 包，其中大多数文件都在 .exe 中。根据Kivy - Create package on Windows，我安装了 setuptools 19.2。我在 Kivy 1.9.1 稳定版上。

根据https://kivy.org/docs/guide/packaging-windows.html 上的说明，我得到了以下 working .spec 文件：

from kivy.deps import sdl2, glew
# -*- mode: python -*-

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['..\\foo\\main.py'],
             pathex=['path\\KO-exe'],
             binaries=None,
             datas=None,
             hiddenimports=['six','packaging','packaging.version','webbrowser'],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='foo',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=True , icon='..\\foo\\ko.ico')
coll = COLLECT(exe, Tree('..\\foo\\'),
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               *[Tree(p) for p in (sdl2.dep_bins + glew.dep_bins )],
               strip=False,
               upx=True,
               name='foo')

但是，我最终得到一个包含许多文件的文件夹，而不是我可以分发给其他人的东西。因此，通过添加命令 --onefile 并将相同的步骤应用于 .spec 文件，我得到以下 NOT WORKING .spec：

# -*- mode: python -*-
from kivy.deps import sdl2, glew

block_cipher = None


a = Analysis(['..\\foo\\main.py'],
             pathex=['path\\KO-exe'],
             binaries=None,
             datas=None,
             hiddenimports=['six','packaging','packaging.version','webbrowser'],
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz, Tree('..\\foo\\'),
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          *[Tree(p) for p in (sdl2.dep_bins + glew.dep_bins )],
          name='foo',
          debug=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=True , icon='..\\foo\\ko.ico')

错误： .exe 仅在build 文件夹中而不在dist 中，运行时：Error loading Python DLL: C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp\_MEI81162\python27.dll (error code 126)

问题

我一直在尝试将工作 .spec 和单个 .spec 进行各种组合（添加 COLLECT，移动 Tree('..\\foo\\')），但无济于事。

• 我应该改变什么才能拥有一个工作的单个 .exe？
• 如何选择要排除的文件/文件夹？ （我应该在Tree() 中使用什么语法？）
• 除了 data\db\database.db（在 .exe 中太慢）之外，我想要 .exe 中的几乎所有内容。我该怎么做？

编辑 3

在@tito 的帮助下工作的 .spec 文件：

from kivy.deps import sdl2, glew
# -*- mode: python -*-
#import pdb
import sys

sys.path += ["..\\foo\\"]

block_cipher = pyi_crypto.PyiBlockCipher(key='1234567890')

#'six','packaging','packaging.version',
a = Analysis(['..\\foo\\main.py'],
             pathex=['D:\\path\\KO-exe'],
             binaries=None,
             datas=None,
             
             hiddenimports=[
             'webbrowser',
             '__init__',
             'data.__init__',
             'data.screens.__init__',
             'data.screens.dbmanager',
             'data.screens.db_kv.__init__',
             'data.screens.db_kv.backupsd',
             ],
             
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher)
             
#pdb.set_trace()
             
# exclusion list
from os.path import join
from fnmatch import fnmatch
exclusion_patterns = (
    join("kivy_install", "data", "images", "testpattern.png"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "images", "image-loading.gif"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "keyboards*"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "settings_kivy.json"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "logo*"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "fonts", "DejaVuSans*"),
    join("kivy_install", "modules*"),
    join("Include*"),
    join("sdl2-config"),
    # Filter app directory
    join("personal*"),
    join("sign-apk*"),
    join(".idea*"),
)

def can_exclude(fn):
    for pat in exclusion_patterns:
        if fnmatch(fn, pat):
            return True
            
a.datas = [x for x in a.datas if not can_exclude(x[0])]
a.binaries = [x for x in a.binaries if not can_exclude(x[0])]
# Filter app directory
appfolder = [x for x in Tree('..\\foo\\', excludes=['*.py','*.pyc']) if not can_exclude(x[0])]  

#print(a.zipped_data)

#pdb.set_trace()
            
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)

exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='foo',
          debug=True,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=True , icon='..\\foo\\ko.ico')
coll = COLLECT(exe, appfolder,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               *[Tree(p) for p in (sdl2.dep_bins + glew.dep_bins )],
               strip=False,
               upx=True,
               name='foo')

我想从我的应用程序文件夹中排除文件夹和文件，感谢tito，通过你我也想出了如何过滤Tree()。

让 PyInstaller 排除文件后，我将尝试在输出文件上运行 NSIS。

Answer 1

Imo，我不知道您的应用程序在 onefile 模式下失败的确切原因。但是由于在 pyinstaller 中使用 onefile 模式的含义（它会在每次运行时将文件解压缩到一个临时目录中），使用NSIS 进行安装可能会更好。

要选择要排除的模块，您可以将它们放在Analysis 的excludes 参数中：

excludes=["pickle", "csv"]

为了排除文件，我通常在分析之后/EXE 之前进行手动排除。这是一个例子：

# exclusion list
from fnmatch import fnmatch
exclusion_patterns = (
    join("kivy_install", "data", "images", "testpattern.png"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "images", "image-loading.gif"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "keyboards*"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "settings_kivy.json"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "logo*"),
    join("kivy_install", "data", "fonts", "DejaVuSans*"),
    join("kivy_install", "modules*"),
    join("Include*"),
    join("sdl2-config"),
)

def can_exclude(fn):
    for pat in exclusion_patterns:
        if fnmatch(fn, pat):
            return True
a.datas = [x for x in a.datas if not can_exclude(x[0])]
a.binaries = [x for x in a.binaries if not can_exclude(x[0])]