尝试引用架构时如何保存数据

Question

我正在尝试保存一本书中的信息，该信息包含在它的 eschema auhtor 和流派中，我在不同的文件中引用了它。

问题是当我在主模式中进行引用时。这本书有作者的参考和创建的书的类型只是我保留了这本书的信息，但既不参考性别也不参考作者

book.js

   const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const bookSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  name: {
    type: String,
  },
  author: {
    type: mongoose.Schema.ObjectId,
    ref: 'Author', 
  },
  numberInStock: {
    type: Number,
    default: 0,
  },
  image: {
    type: String,
    default: '/path/to/default/image.png',
  },
  genre: {
    type: mongoose.Schema.ObjectId,
    ref: 'Genre',  
  },
});


module.exports = mongoose.model('Books', bookSchema);

author.js

const mongoose = require('mongoose');


const authorSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  name: String,
  publicatons: [{
    type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
    ref: 'Book',
  }],
});


module.exports = mongoose.model('Author', authorSchema);

createBook.ejs

<div class="container h-100">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-offset-3">
            <h1>Add a New Book</h1>
            <form action="/books/new/create" method="post">
                <div class="panel panel-default">
                    <div class="panel-body">
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="book_name"> Book Name: </label>
                            <input type="text"  class="form-control" name="name">
                        </div>
                         <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="exampleFormControlSelect1">Author</label>
                            <select class="form-control"  name="<%= author._id %>">
                            <% author.forEach(function(authors){ %>
                            <option><%= authors._id %></option>
                            <% }); %>
                            </select>
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="exampleFormControlSelect1">Genre</label>
                            <select class="form-control"  name="<%= genre._id %>">
                            <% genre.forEach(function(genres){ %>
                            <option><%= genres.name %></option>
                            <% }); %>
                            </select>
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="numberInStock">Number in stock: </label>
                            <input type="number"  class="form-control" name="numberInStock">
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="image">Image: </label>
                            <input type="text"  class="form-control" name="image">
                        </div>
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Success</button>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

这是我尝试将数据发送到后端的前端部分，但只能保存名称、图像、数量，而不是引用的数据。

controller.js

   const create = (req, res, next) => {
  if (!req.body) {
    return res.status(400).json({
      error: 'No data',
    });
  }
  const book = new Books(req.body);
  book.save((err, result) => {
    if (err) {
      return res.status(400).json({
        error: err.message,
      });
    }


    return res.status(201).json({
      message: 'Book created succesfully',
      result,

    });
  });
};

路由控制器

const express = require('express');

const router = express.Router();
const bookController = require('../controllers/book');
const booksave = require('../controllers/create');
const authorController = require('../controllers/author');
const genreController = require('../controllers/genre');

router.get('/books/home/:page', bookController.list);

router.get('/books/new', bookController.createTemplate);
router.post('/books/new/create', booksave.create);

router.get('/books/details/:id', bookController.bookDetail);

router.get('/books/new/create/genre', genreController.createGenreTemplate);
router.post('/books/new/genre', genreController.createGenre);

router.get('/books/new/create/author', authorController.createAuthorTemplate );
router.post('/books/new/author', authorController.createAuthor);




module.exports = router;

创建新书渲染

controller.createTemplate = (req, res) => {
  Author.find({}, (err, allAuthors) => {
    if (err) {
      console.log(err);
    } else {
      Genre.find({}, (err, allGenres) => {
        if (err) {
          console.log(err)
        } else {
          res.render('new', { author: allAuthors, genre: allGenres });
        }
      })

    }
  });
};

从技术上讲，我希望获得的是，当我保存这本书的信息时，它会引用其作者和流派，并且作者会自动引用被相同引用的书籍

Answer 1

我刚刚得到的前面的值

{name: 'Digital Fortress', numberInStock: '', image: ''}


const create = (req, res, next) => {
  if (!req.body) {
    return res.status(400).json({
      error: 'No data received',
    });
  }
  const book = new Books(req.body); 
  book.save((err, result) => {
    if (err) {
      return res.status(400).json({
        error: err.message,
      });
    }

    console.log(req.body);
    return res.status(201).json({
      message: 'Book created succesfully',
      result,

    });
  });
};

Answer 2

将<select class="form-control" name="<%= genre._id %>"> 中的名称属性更改为name='author'，与bookSchema 中的相同，将<select class="form-control" name="<%= genre._id %>"> 中的名称属性更改为name='genre'。
问题是您发送带有以下正文的发布请求：

{ name: /*value*/ , <%= author._id%>: /*value*/, <%= genre._id%>: /*value*/, numberInStock: /*value*/, image: /*image*/ }

Book 模型的构造函数可以识别name, numberInStock and image，但不能识别<%=author_id%> and <%=genre._id%>。
也改变这个：

author: {
    type: mongoose.Schema.ObjectId,
    ref: 'Author'
  },
genre: {
    type: mongoose.Schema.ObjectId,
    ref: 'Genre'
}

到

author: {
    type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
    ref: ref: 'Author'
}
genre: {
    type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
    ref: 'Genre'
}

您还需要传递genre._id 而不是genres.name，并且author._idas value 属性如下：

<form action="/books/new/create" method="post">
    <select name="author">
    <% author.forEach(function(authors){ %>
      <option value="<%= authors._id %>" ><%= authors.name %></option>
    <% }); %>
    </select>
    <select name="genre">
    <% genre.forEach(function(genres){ %>
      <option value="<%= genres._id %>" ><%= genres.name %></option>
    <% }); %>
    </select>
    <button type="submit">Success</button>
</form>