下拉 MVC 验证失败

Question

我在 EF 中使用代码优先。下拉列表中的验证似乎失败，并出现错误 System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object。当我保存记录并故意将控件留空以测试验证时，就会发生这种情况。即使下拉列表本身有选择，也会发生这种情况。

这是我的部分观点：

<div class="editor">
    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.EmployeeID)
    @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.EmployeeID, new SelectList(Model.Employees, "Value", "Text"))
    @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.EmployeeID)
</div>

如果我使用文本框验证有效：

<div class="editor">
    @Html.LabelFor(model => model.EmployeeID)
    @Html.TextBoxFor(model => model.EmployeeID, new { style = "width: 250px;" })
    @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.EmployeeID)
</div>

这是我的创建控制器操作：

    public ActionResult Create()
{
    var e = iEmployeeRepository.GetAll();
    var visitorLogViewModel = new VisitorLogViewModel
    {
        Employees = e.Select(x => new SelectListItem
        {
            Value = x.EmployeeID,
            Text = x.EmployeeName
        })
    };
    return View(visitorLogViewModel);
}

//
// POST: /VisitorLogs/Create

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Create(VisitorLog visitorlog)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid) {
        iVisitorlogRepository.Add(visitorlog);
        iVisitorlogRepository.Save();
        return RedirectToAction("Search");
    } else {
        return View();
    }
}

还有我的视图模型：

    public class VisitorLogViewModel
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Visitor Name")]
    public string VisitorName { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Company Name")]
    public string CompanyName { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Employee ID is required.")]
    [Display(Name = "GB Employee")]
    public string EmployeeID { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Visit Reason")]
    public string VisitReason { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Time In")]
    public DateTime TimeIn { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Time Out")]
    public DateTime TimeOut { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "GB Employee")]
    public string EmployeeName { get; set; }

    public IEnumerable Employees { get; set; }
    public VisitorLog VisitorLog { get; set; }
}

还有我的部分验证模型：

    [MetadataType(typeof(VisitorLogMetaData))]
public partial class VisitorLog
{

}

public class VisitorLogMetaData
{
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Visitor name is required.")]
    [MaxLength(128)]
    public string VisitorName { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Company name is required.")]
    [MaxLength(128)]
    public string CompanyName { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "GB Employee is required.")]
    [MaxLength(128)]
    public string EmployeeID { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Visit reason is required.")]
    [MaxLength(254)]
    public string VisitReason { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Time in is required.")]
    public DateTime TimeIn { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Time out reason is required.")]
    public DateTime TimeOut { get; set; }
}

最后是我的模型：

    public partial class VisitorLog
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string VisitorName { get; set; }
    public DateTime TimeIn { get; set; }
    public DateTime TimeOut { get; set; }
    public string CompanyName { get; set; }
    public string EmployeeID { get; set; }
    public string VisitReason { get; set; }

    // Navigation properties
    [ForeignKey("EmployeeID")]
    public virtual Employee Employee { get; set; }
}

我读到 MVC 剃须刀中有一个关于 DropDownListFor 的错误，但我不知道这是否适用于我的情况。我已经尝试了一些解决方案，但它们对我不起作用。我正在使用 4.5 框架。

谢谢。

编辑：

我注意到一件事，当我提交页面并且错误在下拉元素上停止时：

@Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.EmployeeID, new SelectList(Model.Employees, "Value", "Text"))

Model.Employees 中的 Model 为 null，就像提交页面时它失去了绑定一样。

Answer 1

好的，我对我的课程做了一些根本性的改变。首先，我更改了控制器中的 post 方法。以前我将模型传递给帖子，现在我传递视图模型并将其映射到模型，然后通过我的存储库保存：

    //
    // POST: /VisitorLogs/Create

    [HttpPost]
    public ActionResult Create(VisitorLogViewModel visitorLogViewModel)
    {
        var e = iEmployeeRepository.GetAll();
        VisitorLog visitorLog = new VisitorLog();
        visitorLog.Id = visitorLogViewModel.Id;
        visitorLog.VisitorName = visitorLogViewModel.VisitorName;
        visitorLog.CompanyName = visitorLogViewModel.CompanyName;
        visitorLog.EmployeeID = visitorLogViewModel.EmployeeID;
        visitorLog.TimeIn = visitorLogViewModel.TimeIn;
        visitorLog.TimeOut = visitorLogViewModel.TimeOut;
        visitorLog.VisitReason = visitorLogViewModel.VisitReason;
        visitorLogViewModel.Employees = new SelectList(e, "EmployeeID", "EmployeeName");

        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            iVisitorlogRepository.Add(visitorLog);
            iVisitorlogRepository.Save();
            return RedirectToAction("Search");
        } else {
            return View(visitorLogViewModel);
        }
    }

接下来，我必须在视图模型中添加“必需”属性（验证）：

    public class VisitorLogViewModel
{
    public int Id { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Visitor name is required.")]
    [MaxLength(128)]
    [Display(Name = "Visitor Name")]
    public string VisitorName { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Company name is required.")]
    [MaxLength(128)]
    [Display(Name = "Company Name")]
    public string CompanyName { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "GB Employee is required.")]
    [MaxLength(16)]
    [Display(Name = "GB Employee")]
    public string EmployeeID { get; set; }

    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Visit Reason is required.")]
    [MaxLength(254)]
    [Display(Name = "Visit Reason")]
    public string VisitReason { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Time In")]
    public DateTime TimeIn { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Time Out")]
    public DateTime TimeOut { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "GB Employee")]
    public string EmployeeName { get; set; }

    public SelectList Employees { get; set; }
}

不确定这是否是最有效的方法，但现在一切正常。如果有人发现此方法有问题，请告诉我。