python函数随机循环if语句

Question

我正在制作一个石头剪刀布游戏，但遇到了decisioncycle() 的问题。我正在尝试做的是要求用户在usercycle() 中输入一个选项，让计算机在gamecycle() 中生成一个随机选项，然后确定谁赢得了这一轮并通过输赢计数跟踪每个结果.它似乎在随机决定何时工作。

import random


class rpsgame:

    rps= ["rock", "paper","scissors"]


    wincount=0
    losecount=0
    def usercycle(self):
        userchoice = input("rock, paper, scissor.....")
        print("SHOOT")
        return userchoice

    def gamecycle(self):
        computerchoice = random.choice(rpsgame.rps)
        return computerchoice




    def decisioncycle(self):
            if rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[0] and rpsgame.gamecycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[1]:
                    print("paper beats rock, you lose!")
                    rpsgame.losecount +=1
            elif rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[1] and rpsgame.gamecycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[0]:
                    print("paper beats rock, you win!")
                    rpsgame.wincount+=1
            elif rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[0] and rpsgame.gamecycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[2]:
                    print("rock beats scissors, you win!")
                    rpsgame.wincount+=1
            elif rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[2] and rpsgame.gamecycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[0]:
                    print("rock beats scissors, you lose!")
                    rpsgame.losecount+=1
            elif rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[1] and rpsgame.gamecycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[2]:
                    print("scissors beats paper, you lose!")
                    rpsgame.losecount+=1
            elif rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[2] and rpsgame.gamecycle(self) == rpsgame.rps[1]:
                    print("scissors beats paper, you win!")
                    rpsgame.wincount+=1
            elif rpsgame.usercycle(self) == rpsgame.gamecycle(self):
                    print("it's a tie!!!")
            print("wins {}, losses {}".format(rpsgame.wincount, rpsgame.losecount))




while True:
    rg = rpsgame()
    rg.usercycle()
    rg.gamecycle()
    rg.decisioncycle()

我认为我的问题在于决策周期（）。这是我在课堂上的第一次尝试，因为游戏正在使用全局变量，但我在这里读到，这对于未来来说是一种不好的做法。

Answer 1

您可以使用模运算，而不是使用大量循环来评估每个组合。

假设您制作地图

"rock" => 0
"paper"=>1
"scissors" => 2

您可以将解决方案评估为

(A.number - B.number) % 3

如果这个结果为0，则为平局，如果为1，则A赢，如果2 A输了

Answer 2

您在每种情况下都要求新的用户输入。您可能只想阅读一次，然后每次都进行比较

user_choice = self.usercicle()
game_choice = self.gamecycle()
if(user_choice == self.rps[0] and game_choice == self.rps[1]):
    print "Paper beats rock, you lose!"
    self.losecount += 1
elif( user_choice...

等等

Answer 3

我认为你应该创建一个单独的函数来确定获胜者，并使用 dict，而不是 7 路 if 语句：

def who_won(player, computer):
    rules = {"rock": "scissors", "paper": "rock", "scissors": "paper"}
    if player == computer:
        return None
    if rules[computer] == player:
        return "computer"
    return "player"

检查无效输入可能是个好主意，但这应该在输入函数中完成，而不是在这个函数中。

Answer 4

我认为这实际上可以简化。有一些错误，它们看起来像是由于对类的简单不熟悉。看这里：

class RpsGame:

    # create a game loop. Let's try a while loop
    # also, let's try using a dict to make comparisons easier

    def play(self):
        rps = {'rock':'scissors', 'paper':'rock', 'scissors':'paper'}
        score = 0
        # lets just say player must win 3 or lose 3 to end the game
        while -3 < score < 3:
            # ask user for their choice just once here, for instance
            user = raw_input("Rock, paper or scissors: ").lower()
            # and check the input is valid
            # get the computer choice with random

            # then find the winner and adjust score
            # when score reaches -3, computer wins etc.
            # comparisons could go like:
            if com == rps[user]: 
                score += 1
            elif user == rps[com]:
                score -= 1

        self.game_over(score)

    def game_over(self, score):
        if score == -3:
            result == "You win"
        else:
            result == "You lose"

        print "%s!!" % result


# We would start by instantiating the game
game = RpsGame()
# And then calling the play method
game.play()

如果我也是你，我会去阅读更多关于课程和“自我”用法的内容。

Answer 5

那里有很多时髦的东西，但我认为您遇到的问题是您将 self 传递给一个不（真的）将参数作为输入的函数。

class TestClass(object):
    def some_method(self):
        return random.choice(['rock', 'paper', 'scissors'])
    def make_choice(self):
        return self.some_method(self)
        # raises TypeError

一个方法的类是自动给定它所属的实例作为第一个参数。如果你再次尝试通过它，它会失败。

也就是说，我认为您的课程应该如下所示：

class Roshambo(object):
    ROCK = 'rock'
    PAPER = 'paper'
    SCISSORS = 'scissors'

    OPTIONS = [ROCK, PAPER, SCISSORS]

    def get_user_input(self):
        choice = input("r/p/s? ").lower()
        if choice.startswith('r'): choice = self.ROCK
        elif choice.startswith('p'): choice = self.PAPER
        elif choice.startswith('s'): choice = self.SCISSORS
        else:
            # what do we do now?
            pass  # for now
        return choice

    def get_computer_input(self):
        return random.choice(self.OPTIONS)

    def start(self):
        # get input ONCE...
        user_choice = get_user_input()
        computer_choice = get_computer_input()

        if user_choice == ROCK and computer_choice == ROCK:
            # tie
        # etc....

然后实例化

game = Roshambo()

然后运行

game.start()