通过 Android Intent 共享位图

Question

在我的 android 应用程序中，我有一个位图（比如 b）和一个按钮。现在，当我单击按钮时，我想共享位图。我正在使用onClick() 中的以下代码来实现这一点：-

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("image/png");
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, b);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent , "Share"));

我期待一份能够处理此意图的所有应用程序的列表，但我一无所获。 android studio 中没有应用列表，也没有任何错误。我的应用程序只是被挂起一段时间然后退出。

我检查了位图，它很好（它不为空）。

我哪里出错了？

Answer 1

我找到了解决方案的 2 个变体。两者都涉及将位图保存到存储中，但图像不会出现在图库中。

第一个变体：

保存到外部存储

• 但到应用程序的私人文件夹。
• 对于 API

1。设置权限

添加到AndroidManifest.xml标签之前

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" android:maxSdkVersion="18"/>

2。保存方法：

 /**
 * Saves the image as PNG to the app's private external storage folder.
 * @param image Bitmap to save.
 * @return Uri of the saved file or null
 */
private Uri saveImageExternal(Bitmap image) {
    //TODO - Should be processed in another thread
    Uri uri = null;
    try {
        File file = new File(getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "to-share.png");
        FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, stream);
        stream.close();
        uri = Uri.fromFile(file);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.d(TAG, "IOException while trying to write file for sharing: " + e.getMessage());
    }
    return uri;
}

3。检查存储可访问性

外部存储可能无法访问，因此您应该在尝试保存之前检查它：https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage/files

/**
 * Checks if the external storage is writable.
 * @return true if storage is writable, false otherwise
 */
public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() {
    String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
    if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

第二个变种

使用 FileProvider 保存到 cacheDir。它不需要任何权限。

1。在 AndroidManifest.xml 中设置 FileProvider

<manifest>
    ...
    <application>
        ...
        <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.mydomain.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
                <meta-data
                    android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                    android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>
        ...
    </application>
</manifest>

2。添加 res/xml/file_paths.xml 的路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
         <cache-path name="shared_images" path="images/"/>
    </paths>
</resources>

3。保存方法：

 /**
 * Saves the image as PNG to the app's cache directory.
 * @param image Bitmap to save.
 * @return Uri of the saved file or null
 */
private Uri saveImage(Bitmap image) {
    //TODO - Should be processed in another thread
    File imagesFolder = new File(getCacheDir(), "images");
    Uri uri = null;
    try {
        imagesFolder.mkdirs();
        File file = new File(imagesFolder, "shared_image.png");

        FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 90, stream);
        stream.flush();
        stream.close();
        uri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.mydomain.fileprovider", file);

    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.d(TAG, "IOException while trying to write file for sharing: " + e.getMessage());
    }
    return uri;
}

有关文件提供程序的更多信息 - https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/content/FileProvider

压缩和保存可能很耗时，因此应该在不同的线程中完成

实际分享

/**
 * Shares the PNG image from Uri.
 * @param uri Uri of image to share.
 */
private void shareImageUri(Uri uri){
    Intent intent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
    intent.setType("image/png");
    startActivity(intent);
}

Answer 2

正如 CommonsWare 所说，您需要获取位图的 URI 并将其作为您的 Extra 传递。

String bitmapPath = Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver(), bitmap,"title", null);
Uri bitmapUri = Uri.parse(bitmapPath);
...
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, bitmapUri );

Answer 3

终于，我得到了解决方案：

第 1 步： 共享意图处理块。这将弹出您的窗口，其中包含您手机中的应用程序列表

public void share_bitMap_to_Apps() {
    Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);

    i.setType("image/*");
    ByteArrayOutputStream stream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    /*compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream);
    byte[] bytes = stream.toByteArray();*/

    i.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, getImageUri(mContext, getBitmapFromView(relative_me_other)));
    try {
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(i, "My Profile ..."));
    } catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}

第 2 步： 将视图转换为位图

public static Bitmap getBitmapFromView(View view) {
    // Define a bitmap with the same size as the view
    Bitmap returnedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    // Bind a canvas to it
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(returnedBitmap);
    // Get the view's background
    Drawable bgDrawable = view.getBackground();
    if (bgDrawable != null)
        // has background drawable, then draw it on the canvas
        bgDrawable.draw(canvas);
    else
        // does not have background drawable, then draw white background on the canvas
        canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
    // draw the view on the canvas
    view.draw(canvas);
    // return the bitmap
    return returnedBitmap;
}

第 3 步： 从位图图像中获取 URI

public Uri getImageUri(Context inContext, Bitmap inImage) {
    ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    inImage.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes);

    String path = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(inContext.getContentResolver(), inImage, "Title", null);
    return Uri.parse(path);
}

Answer 4

ImageButton capture_share = (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.share);
capture_share.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
  @Override
  public void onClick(View view) {

    String bitmapPath = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver(), bitmap,"title", null);
    Uri bitmapUri = Uri.parse(bitmapPath);

        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
        intent.setType("image/png");
        intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, bitmapUri);
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Share"));
  }
});

Answer 5

引用the documentation:

内容：URI 保存与 Intent 关联的数据流，与 ACTION_SEND 一起使用以提供正在发送的数据。

因此，b 不应该是Bitmap，而是指向Bitmap 的Uri，由ContentProvider 提供服务。例如，您可以将Bitmap 写入文件，然后使用FileProvider 提供服务。

Answer 6

private void sharePalette(Bitmap bitmap) {

 String bitmapPath = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(getContentResolver(), bitmap, "palette", "share palette");
    Uri bitmapUri = Uri.parse(bitmapPath);

    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    intent.setType("image/png");
    intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, bitmapUri);
    startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Share"));
}

Answer 7

在图像文件名中带有时间戳的 Kotlin 解决方案：

val timeStamp = SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(Date())
val imagePath = MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(
    context?.contentResolver,
    bitmap,
    "img_$timeStamp",
    null
)
val shareIntent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND).apply {
    type = "image/*"
    putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse(imagePath))
}
context?.startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, null))

Answer 8

在花了很多时间之后：

检查是否已授予权限。然后：

第一步：在activity中创建你想要的图片的ImageView，然后转换成bitmap

ImageView imageView = findViewById(R.id.image);
Bitmap bitmap = ((BitmapDrawable) imageView.getDrawable()).getBitmap();

//save the image now:
saveImage(bitmap);
//share it
send();

第 2 步：将图像存储在内部文件夹中：

private static void saveImage(Bitmap finalBitmap) {

    String root = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
    File myDir = new File(root + "/saved_images");
    Log.i("Directory", "==" + myDir);
    myDir.mkdirs();

    String fname = "Image-test" + ".jpg";
    File file = new File(myDir, fname);
    if (file.exists()) file.delete();
    try {
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
        finalBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, out);
        out.flush();
        out.close();

    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

第 3 步：发送保存的图片：

public void send() {
    try {
        File myFile = new File("/storage/emulated/0/saved_images/Image-test.jpg");
        MimeTypeMap mime = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
        String ext = myFile.getName().substring(myFile.getName().lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
        String type = mime.getMimeTypeFromExtension(ext);
        Intent sharingIntent = new Intent("android.intent.action.SEND");
        sharingIntent.setType(type);
        sharingIntent.putExtra("android.intent.extra.STREAM", Uri.fromFile(myFile));
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(sharingIntent, "Share using"));
    } catch (Exception e) {
        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

现在发送后，如果您不希望保存的图像在您的存储中，您可以删除它。检查其他链接以执行此操作。

Answer 9

由于Images.Media.insertImage 已弃用，最好使用FileProvider 作为Java 和Kotlin 中提到的@APA 和@kjs566 :(我检查到SDK 31)

 val imageName = "/image.jpg"
        try {
            File(this.cacheDir, "images").deleteRecursively() 
            val cachePath = File(this.cacheDir, "images")
            cachePath.mkdirs() 
            val stream = FileOutputStream("$cachePath$imageName")
            bitmap.compress(
                Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG,90,stream) 
            stream.close()
        } catch (ex: Exception) {}

        // SHARE
        val imagePath = File(this.cacheDir, "images")
        val newFile = File(imagePath, imageName)
        val contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.src.noveinway.fileprovider", newFile)
        if (contentUri != null) {
            val shareIntent = Intent()
            shareIntent.action = Intent.ACTION_SEND
            shareIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION) 
            shareIntent.type ="image/jpeg" 
            shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, contentUri)
            shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "This is a file for share")
            startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Choose app"))
        }