如何将没有列且带有硬中断的文本文件导入vba？

Question

我在 VBA 中构建了一个简单的网络爬虫，它从 Google 专利中提取一个表格，并将内部 HTML 存储在一个 .txt 文件（名称类似于 1234567.txt）中，用于大约 23,000 项专利。现在我要分析每个文件的内容。为此，我希望将 txt 文件导入 VBA，以便我可以进行一些字符串搜索，但这似乎非常困难。 我阅读了大约 20 种将 .txt 文件导入 VBA 的解决方案，但没有一个适用于我的文件，如下所示：

US6824791 B2 ' There is a shift + Enter here
<TD class="patent-data-table-td citation-patent"><A href="/patents/US7767249">US7767249</A></TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Jul 25, 2005</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Aug 3, 2010</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Preparation of nanoparticles</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td citation-patent"><A href="/patents/US7935853">US7935853</A><SPAN class=patent-tooltip-anchor aria-label="Cited by examiner" data-tooltip-text="Cited by examiner" data-tooltip="Cited by examiner" a="null"> *</SPAN></TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Oct 8, 2009</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">May 3, 2011</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Bobelium S.L.</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Micronized composition of a 2,4-disubstituted phenol derivative</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td citation-patent"><A href="/patents/US8524829">US8524829</A></TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Jun 17, 2008</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Sep 3, 2013</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Brown University Research Foundation</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Methods for micronization of hydrophobic drugs</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td citation-patent"><A href="/patents/EP2422804A1?cl=en">EP2422804A1</A></TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Jun 16, 2005</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td patent-date-value">Feb 29, 2012</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Amano Enzyme USA., Ltd.</TD>
<TD class="patent-data-table-td ">Controlled release formulations of enzymes, microorganisms, and antibodies with mucoadhesive polymers</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
' There is a shift + Enter here

因此，尽管文件结构整齐且重复，但将它们作为单个字符串导入似乎非常困难。我基本上想遍历文件，提取专利号和提到的两个日期（使用Mid 和InStr）并将它们放在三个不同的列中。这是我认为最好的方法，但我渴望听到更明智的建议！

知道每个 .txt 文件具有不同的长度（行数）可能是相关的，但我可以以 99.9% 的确定性估计确切的行数(1 (title) + 6 * total number of citations (which I know) - 1 (last <TR> is missing)

提前致谢

西蒙

编辑：我尝试过的一些例子。此代码取自在线资源。我不太确定它们应该如何工作，很可能是我错误地应用了它们。

`Sub Text2Excel_Click()
Dim sourcestring as String

sourcestring = GetText("C\users\...\test.txt")
sourcestring = OpenTextFileToString("C\users\...\test.txt")

Function GetText(sFile As String) As String
   Dim sText As String
   Dim nSourceFile As Integer

   ''Close any open text files
   Close
   ''Get the number of the next free text file
   nSourceFile = FreeFile
   ''Write the entire file to sText
   Open sFile For Input As #nSourceFile
   sText = Input$(LOF(1), 1)
   Close

   GetText = sText
End Function

Function OpenTextFileToString(ByVal strFile As String) As String
' RB Smissaert - Author
Dim hFile As Long
hFile = FreeFile
Open strFile For Input As #hFile
OpenTextFileToString = Input$(LOF(hFile), hFile)
Close #hFile
End Function

我还尝试了以下 suggestion: 但这给了我运行时错误 424“需要对象”。

Answer 1

如果您只是想将文本文件转换为 vba 中的 1 个字符串，那么您可以使用以下函数。

注意：这需要您添加对 Microsoft Scripting Runtime 的引用。

Public Function ReadFileAsString(ByVal filePath As String) As String

Dim fso As FileSystemObject
Set fso = New FileSystemObject
Set txtstream = fso.OpenTextFile(filePath, ForReading, False)

Dim sourceString As String
Do While Not txtstream.AtEndOfStream
    sourceString = sourceString + txtstream.ReadLine
Loop

ReadFileAsString = sourceString
txtstream.Close

Set fso = Nothing
Set txtstream = Nothing

End Function

然后你可以在上面函数返回的字符串上做 InStr() 和 Mid() 等。要查看文本文件，请尝试：

Public Sub Test()
    Debug.Print ReadFileAsString("C:\Users\ausername\Desktop\test.txt")
End Sub