编辑:
实际上,有一种使用 tagged template literals 从模板文字中提取参数的本地方法,它允许您使用以下形式的函数解析模板文字:
function tag(strings, param1, param2, ..., paramN) { ... }
因此,如果您在模板文字 (${ foo }) 的表达式中不使用变量,而是使用字符串 (${ 'foo' }),那么如果您这样做:
tag`${ 'a' }${ 'b' } - XXX ${ 'c' }`
strings 将是 ['', '', ' - XXX ', ''],您将收到 3 个参数,其值为 'a'、'b' 和 'c'。
你可以从标签函数返回你想要的任何东西,所以对于你的用例来说,一个好的解决方案是返回一对[paramsList, closure],其中闭包将是一个接收对象(映射)的函数,参数为在原始字符串文字中使用并使用它们来构建结果字符串。像这样:
function extractParams(strings, ...args) {
return [args, dict => {
return strings[0] + args
.map((arg, i) => dict[arg] + strings[i + 1]).join('');
}];
}
const [params, translate] = extractParams`Hello ${ 'name' }, today is ${ 'weekday' }`;
console.log(params);
console.log(translate({ name: 'Foo', weekday: 'Barday' }));
原始答案:
假设模板字符串被包装到一个函数中,这样它就不会抛出ReferenceError,并且您稍微更改了模板字符串的格式,以便使用的参数始终是对象的属性,您可以为此使用proxy:
假设你有这样的东西:
function getSentence(key, args = {}) {
// Note that for the proxy solution to work well, you need to wrap each of them
// individually. Otherwise you will get a list of all the params from all the
// sentences.
const sentences = {
salutation: (args) => `Hello ${ args.name }, today is ${ args.weekday }!`,
weather: (args) => `Today is ${ args.weather } outside.`,
};
return sentences[key](args) || '';
}
function extractParams(key) {
const params = [];
const proxy = new Proxy({}, {
get: (target, name) => {
params.push(name);
},
});
getSentence(key, proxy);
return params;
}
console.log(extractParams('salutation'));
无论如何,请注意,这仅在您的参数中只有一个级别深度时才有效,否则您将需要一个返回另一个代理的代理,该代理返回另一个代理......并跟踪路径(prop.subprop...)。他们还应该返回一个function,它返回一个string,作为最后一个将被插入到结果字符串中的属性。
function getSentence(key, args = {}) {
// Note that for the proxy solution to work well, you need to wrap each of them
// individually. Otherwise you will get a list of all the params from all the
// sentences.
const sentences = {
salutation: (args) => `Hello ${ args.name }, today is ${ args.a.b.c.d }!`,
weather: (args) => `Today is ${ args.weather } outside.`,
};
return sentences[key](args) || '';
}
function getProxy(params, path = []) {
return new Proxy({}, {
get: (target, name) => {
if (typeof name === 'symbol') {
params.push(path);
return () => ''; // toString();
} else {
return getProxy(params, path.concat(name));
}
},
});
}
function extractParams(key) {
const params = [];
getSentence(key, getProxy(params));
return params;
}
console.log(extractParams('salutation'));