这个问题及其重复问题有很多答案。我尝试了this one that looked promising，但在其中发现了一些错误。我对它进行了大量修改，使其能够通过我的所有测试。
/// <summary>
/// Returns a collection of strings that are derived by splitting the given source string at
/// characters given by the 'delimiter' parameter. However, a substring may be enclosed between
/// pairs of the 'qualifier' character so that instances of the delimiter can be taken as literal
/// parts of the substring. The method was originally developed to split comma-separated text
/// where quotes could be used to qualify text that contains commas that are to be taken as literal
/// parts of the substring. For example, the following source:
/// A, B, "C, D", E, "F, G"
/// would be split into 5 substrings:
/// A
/// B
/// C, D
/// E
/// F, G
/// When enclosed inside of qualifiers, the literal for the qualifier character may be represented
/// by two consecutive qualifiers. The two consecutive qualifiers are distinguished from a closing
/// qualifier character. For example, the following source:
/// A, "B, ""C"""
/// would be split into 2 substrings:
/// A
/// B, "C"
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>Originally based on: https://stackoverflow.com/a/43284485/2998072</remarks>
/// <param name="source">The string that is to be split</param>
/// <param name="delimiter">The character that separates the substrings</param>
/// <param name="qualifier">The character that is used (in pairs) to enclose a substring</param>
/// <param name="toTrim">If true, then whitespace is removed from the beginning and end of each
/// substring. If false, then whitespace is preserved at the beginning and end of each substring.
/// </param>
public static List<String> SplitQualified(this String source, Char delimiter, Char qualifier,
Boolean toTrim)
{
// Avoid throwing exception if the source is null
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(source))
return new List<String> { "" };
var results = new List<String>();
var result = new StringBuilder();
Boolean inQualifier = false;
// The algorithm is designed to expect a delimiter at the end of each substring, but the
// expectation of the caller is that the final substring is not terminated by delimiter.
// Therefore, we add an artificial delimiter at the end before looping through the source string.
String sourceX = source + delimiter;
// Loop through each character of the source
for (var idx = 0; idx < sourceX.Length; idx++)
{
// If current character is a delimiter
// (except if we're inside of qualifiers, we ignore the delimiter)
if (sourceX[idx] == delimiter && inQualifier == false)
{
// Terminate the current substring by adding it to the collection
// (trim if specified by the method parameter)
results.Add(toTrim ? result.ToString().Trim() : result.ToString());
result.Clear();
}
// If current character is a qualifier
else if (sourceX[idx] == qualifier)
{
// ...and we're already inside of qualifier
if (inQualifier)
{
// check for double-qualifiers, which is escape code for a single
// literal qualifier character.
if (idx + 1 < sourceX.Length && sourceX[idx + 1] == qualifier)
{
idx++;
result.Append(sourceX[idx]);
continue;
}
// Since we found only a single qualifier, that means that we've
// found the end of the enclosing qualifiers.
inQualifier = false;
continue;
}
else
// ...we found an opening qualifier
inQualifier = true;
}
// If current character is neither qualifier nor delimiter
else
result.Append(sourceX[idx]);
}
return results;
}
以下是证明它有效的测试方法：
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_00()
{
// Example with no substrings
String s = "";
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_00A()
{
// just a single delimiter
String s = ",";
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "", "" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_01()
{
// Example with no whitespace or qualifiers
String s = "1,2,3,1,2,3";
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_02()
{
// Example with whitespace and no qualifiers
String s = " 1, 2 ,3, 1 ,2\t, 3 ";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_03()
{
// Example with whitespace and no qualifiers
String s = " 1, 2 ,3, 1 ,2\t, 3 ";
// whitespace should be preserved
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', false);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(
new List<String> { " 1", " 2 ", "3", " 1 ", "2\t", " 3 " },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_04()
{
// Example with no whitespace and trivial qualifiers.
String s = "1,\"2\",3,1,2,\"3\"";
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" }, substrings);
s = "\"1\",\"2\",3,1,\"2\",3";
substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_05()
{
// Example with no whitespace and qualifiers that enclose delimiters
String s = "1,\"2,2a\",3,1,2,\"3,3a\"";
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2,2a", "3", "1", "2", "3,3a" },
substrings);
s = "\"1,1a\",\"2,2b\",3,1,\"2,2c\",3";
substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1,1a", "2,2b", "3", "1", "2,2c", "3" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_06()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace but no delimiter
String s = "\" 1 \",\"2 \",3,1,2,\"\t3\t\"";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_07()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace but no delimiter
String s = "\" 1 \",\"2 \",3,1,2,\"\t3\t\"";
// whitespace should be preserved
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', false);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { " 1 ", "2 ", "3", "1", "2", "\t3\t" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_08()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace but no delimiter; also whitespace btwn delimiters
String s = "\" 1 \", \"2 \" , 3,1, 2 ,\" 3 \"";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_09()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace but no delimiter; also whitespace btwn delimiters
String s = "\" 1 \", \"2 \" , 3,1, 2 ,\" 3 \"";
// whitespace should be preserved
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', false);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { " 1 ", " 2 ", " 3", "1", " 2 ", " 3 " },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_10()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace and delimiter
String s = "\" 1 \",\"2 , 2b \",3,1,2,\" 3,3c \"";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2 , 2b", "3", "1", "2", "3,3c" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_11()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace and delimiter; also whitespace btwn delimiters
String s = "\" 1 \", \"2 , 2b \" , 3,1, 2 ,\" 3,3c \"";
// whitespace should be preserved
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', false);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { " 1 ", " 2 , 2b ", " 3", "1", " 2 ", " 3,3c " },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_12()
{
// Example with tab characters between delimiters
String s = "\t1,\t2\t,3,1,\t2\t,\t3\t";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_13()
{
// Example with newline characters between delimiters
String s = "\n1,\n2\n,3,1,\n2\n,\n3\n";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2", "3" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_14()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace and delimiter, plus escaped qualifier
String s = "\" 1 \",\"\"\"2 , 2b \"\"\",3,1,2,\" \"\"3,3c \"";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "\"2 , 2b \"", "3", "1", "2", "\"3,3c" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_14A()
{
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace and delimiter, plus escaped qualifier
String s = "\"\"\"1\"\"\"";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified(',', '"', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "\"1\"" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_15()
{
// Instead of comma-delimited and quote-qualified, use pipe and hash
// Example with no whitespace or qualifiers
String s = "1|2|3|1|2,2f|3";
var substrings = s.SplitQualified('|', '#', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2", "3", "1", "2,2f", "3" }, substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_16()
{
// Instead of comma-delimited and quote-qualified, use pipe and hash
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace and delimiter
String s = "# 1 #|#2 | 2b #|3|1|2|# 3|3c #";
// whitespace should be removed
var substrings = s.SplitQualified('|', '#', true);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { "1", "2 | 2b", "3", "1", "2", "3|3c" },
substrings);
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SplitQualified_17()
{
// Instead of comma-delimited and quote-qualified, use pipe and hash
// Example with qualifiers enclosing whitespace and delimiter; also whitespace btwn delimiters
String s = "# 1 #| #2 | 2b # | 3|1| 2 |# 3|3c #";
// whitespace should be preserved
var substrings = s.SplitQualified('|', '#', false);
CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(new List<String> { " 1 ", " 2 | 2b ", " 3", "1", " 2 ", " 3|3c " },
substrings);
}