如何在 SQL Server 中使用别名按多列分组？

Question

从一些旧代码中获取了一个查询，我正在努力让它工作。每次我提交查询时都会收到错误：

错误代码 207，SQL 状态 S0001：列名“等级”无效

代码：

SELECT 
    COUNT(*) AS PieceCount
    ,shifttimes.shiftid AS ShiftId
    ,specienames.NameText AS Specie
    ,gradenames.NameText AS Grade
    ,DryerNum
    ,CreatedLocal
FROM 
    sheets, shifttimes, Specienames, GradeNames
WHERE 
    sheets.ShiftIndex = shifttimes.ShiftIndex
    AND sheets.SpecieNameIndex = specienames.NameIndex
    AND sheets.gradenameindex = gradenames.NameIndex
    AND CreatedLocal >= '2015-04-01'
    AND CreatedLocal < '2015-06-01'
GROUP BY 
    ShiftId, Grade, DryerNum, Specie

Answer 1

对于我认为你应该改变的错误

GROUP BY ShiftId
    ,Grade
    ,DryerNum
    ,Specie

到

GROUP BY shifttimes.shiftid
    ,gradenames.NameText
    ,DryerNum
    ,specienames.NameText

注意：

在您的选择中，您有,CreatedLocal，但在您的group by 中没有，您必须将其从选择中删除或包含在group by 中

建议：

尝试使用别名和隐式连接（在 from 子句中有两个表）是不推荐使用的语法，建议改用现代的显式语法：

SELECT COUNT(*) AS PieceCount
    ,ST.shiftid AS ShiftId
    ,SN.NameText AS Specie
    ,GN.NameText AS Grade
    ,DryerNum    
FROM 
   sheets S
inner join shifttimes ST
   ON S.ShiftIndex = ST.ShiftIndex
inner join Specienames SN
   ON S.SpecieNameIndex = SN.NameIndex
inner join GradeNames GN
   ON S.gradenameindex = GN.NameIndex
WHERE 
    CreatedLocal >= '2015-04-01'
AND CreatedLocal < '2015-06-01'
GROUP BY 
     ST.shiftid
    ,GN.NameText
    ,DryerNum
    ,SN.NameText