从.NET调用WCF服务时如何以编程方式添加soap标头？答案

【问题标题】：How to programmatically add soap header when calling a WCF Service from .NET?从.NET调用WCF服务时如何以编程方式添加soap标头？
【发布时间】：2021-05-27 01:54:42
【问题描述】：

app.config 中的服务配置包含此设置：

<client>
  <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_GenerateAndConvert" contract="GenerateAndConvert.MyPortType" name="MyGenerateAndConvert" >
    <headers>
      <AuthHeader>
        <username>abc</username>
        <password>xyz</password>
      </AuthHeader>
    </headers>
  </endpoint>
</client>

序列化为：

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:urn="urn:MyServer">
   <soapenv:Header>
       <AuthHeader>
            <username>abc</username>
            <password>xyz</password>
          </AuthHeader>
   </soapenv:Header>
   <soapenv:Body>
      <urn:Convert>
      </urn:Convert>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

我的问题是如何在 .NET 应用程序中使用服务引用时以编程方式添加 SOAP 标头（而不是在配置文件中定义用户名和密码）。

我尝试了https://stackoverflow.com/a/53208601/255966 之类的解决方案，但出现了异常，即作用域被设置在另一个线程上，可能是因为我调用了 WCF 服务 Async。

【问题讨论】：

你看到this了吗？

标签： c# wcf soap header message

【解决方案1】：

您可以通过实现IClientMessageInspector接口在实现类中添加soap头。

     public class ClientMessageLogger : IClientMessageInspector
{
    public void AfterReceiveReply(ref Message reply, object correlationState)
    {

    }

    public object BeforeSendRequest(ref Message request, IClientChannel channel)
    {
        MessageHeader header = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("MySoapHeader", "http://my-namespace.com", "asdas");
        request.Headers.Add(header);
        return null;
    }
}

将客户端消息记录器添加到客户端运行时：

    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Interface | AttributeTargets.Class, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class CustContractBehaviorAttribute : Attribute, IContractBehavior, IContractBehaviorAttribute
{
    public Type TargetContract => throw new NotImplementedException();

    public void AddBindingParameters(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint, BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
    {
        return;
    }

    public void ApplyClientBehavior(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint, ClientRuntime clientRuntime)
    {
        clientRuntime.ClientMessageInspectors.Add(new ClientMessageLogger());
    }

    public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint, DispatchRuntime dispatchRuntime)
    {
    }

    public void Validate(ContractDescription contractDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint)
    {
        return;
    }
}

向接口添加属性：

 [CustContractBehavior]
    public interface IService {
    }

这是服务器收到的soap消息：

想了解更多关于IClientMessageInspector，请参考以下link。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

感谢有关此问题的 cmets/answers 和这些额外资源，我得到了它的工作：

我的解决方法如下：

AuthHeader

创建扩展 MessageHeader 的 AuthHeader 类以使用用户名和密码创建 AuthHeader：

public class AuthHeader : MessageHeader
{
    private readonly string _username;
    private readonly string _password;

    public AuthHeader(string username, string password)
    {
        _username = username ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(username));
        _password = password ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(password));
    }

    protected override void OnWriteHeaderContents(XmlDictionaryWriter writer, MessageVersion messageVersion)
    {
        writer.WriteStartElement("username");
        writer.WriteString(_username);
        writer.WriteEndElement();

        writer.WriteStartElement("password");
        writer.WriteString(_password);
        writer.WriteEndElement();
    }

    public override string Name => "AuthHeader";

    public override string Namespace => string.Empty;
}

HttpHeaderMessageInspector

创建一个 HttpHeaderMessageInspector，可用于将MessageHeader 添加到请求消息中。

public class HttpHeaderMessageInspector : IClientMessageInspector
{
    private readonly MessageHeader[] _headers;

    public HttpHeaderMessageInspector(params MessageHeader[] headers)
    {
        _headers = headers;
    }

    public object BeforeSendRequest(ref Message request, IClientChannel channel)
    {
        foreach (var header in _headers)
        {
            request.Headers.Add(header);
        }

        return null;
    }

    public void AfterReceiveReply(ref Message reply, object correlationState)
    {
    }
}

AddHttpHeaderMessageEndpointBehavior

创建一个使用 HttpHeaderMessageInspector 的特定 EndpointBehavior。

public class AddHttpHeaderMessageEndpointBehavior : IEndpointBehavior
{
    private readonly IClientMessageInspector _httpHeaderMessageInspector;

    public AddHttpHeaderMessageEndpointBehavior(params MessageHeader[] headers)
    {
        _httpHeaderMessageInspector = new HttpHeaderMessageInspector(headers);
    }

    public void Validate(ServiceEndpoint endpoint)
    {
    }

    public void AddBindingParameters(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
    {
    }

    public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, EndpointDispatcher endpointDispatcher)
    {
    }

    public void ApplyClientBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, ClientRuntime clientRuntime)
    {
        clientRuntime.ClientMessageInspectors.Add(_httpHeaderMessageInspector);
    }
}

客户

创建一个添加自定义 EndpointBehavior 的客户端，以在 Soap 消息中插入 MessageHeader。

private MyTestPortTypeClient CreateAuthenticatedClient()
{
    var client = new MyTestPortTypeClient(_settings.EndpointConfigurationName, _settings.EndpointAddress);
    client.Endpoint.EndpointBehaviors.Clear();

    var authHeader = new AuthHeader(_settings.UserName, _settings.Password);
    client.Endpoint.EndpointBehaviors.Add(new AddHttpHeaderMessageEndpointBehavior(authHeader));

    return client;
}

【讨论】：