我正在尝试为我的主菜单制作两个按钮

Question

我使用了 Tech with Tim 提供的关于如何在我的程序中制作按钮的教程。我用第一个做得很好，把它变成了“开始”按钮，但我也需要一个“退出”按钮，但它不起作用。有人可以告诉我我的代码有什么问题吗？我已经尝试了我所知道的一切。代码如下：

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

pygame.init()

win = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
win.fill((0, 180, 210))

class button():
    def __init__(self, color, x, y, width, height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text

    def draw(self, win, outline=None):
        # Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(win, outline, (self.x - 2, self.y - 2, self.width + 4, self.height + 4), 0)

        pygame.draw.rect(win, self.color, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height), 0)

        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsans', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0, 0, 0))
            win.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width / 2 - text.get_width() / 2), self.y + (self.height / 2 - text.get_height() / 2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
        # Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True

        return False

def redrawWindow():
    win.fill((0, 180, 210))
    greenButton.draw(win, (0, 0, 0))

run = True
greenButton = button((0, 255, 0), 280, 255, 250, 100, "Start")
while run:
    redrawWindow()
    pygame.display.update()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
            pygame.quit()
            quit()

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if greenButton.isOver(pos):
                print("clicked the button")

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
            if greenButton.isOver(pos):
                greenButton.color = (105, 105, 105)
            else:
                greenButton.color = (0, 255, 0)

class button2():
    def __init__(self, color, x, y, width, height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text

    def draw(self, win, outline=None):
        # Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(win, outline, (self.x - 2, self.y - 2, self.width + 4, self.height + 4), 0)

        pygame.draw.rect(win, self.color, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height), 0)

        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0, 0, 0))
            win.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width / 2 - text.get_width() / 2), self.y + (self.height / 2 - text.get_height() / 2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
        # Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True

        return False

def redrawWindow():
    win.fill((0, 180, 210))
    greenButton.draw(win, (0, 0, 0))
    redButton.draw(win, (0, 0, 0))

run = True
redButton = button((0, 255, 0), 280, 300, 250, 100, "Quit")
while run:
    redrawWindow()
    pygame.display.update()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
            pygame.quit()
            quit()

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if redButton.isOver(pos):
                print("clicked the 2button")

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
            if redButton.isOver(pos):
                redButton.color = (105, 105, 105)
            else:
                redButton.color = (255, 0, 0)

Answer 1

您不需要 button2 类。类的诀窍在于它们可以用于多个实例。见Instance Objects。

只需创建 button 的 2 个实例：

greenButton = button((0, 255, 0), 280, 190, 250, 100, "Start")
redButton = button((255, 0, 0), 280, 310, 250, 100, "Quit")

并处理两个按钮的事件：

while run:
    redrawWindow()
    pygame.display.update()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
            pygame.quit()
            quit()

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if greenButton.isOver(pos):
                print("clicked the button")
            if redButton.isOver(pos):
                print("clicked the 2button")

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
            if greenButton.isOver(pos):
                greenButton.color = (105, 105, 105)
            else:
                greenButton.color = (0, 255, 0)
            if redButton.isOver(pos):
                redButton.color = (105, 105, 105)
            else:
                redButton.color = (255, 0, 0)

看例子：

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

pygame.init()

win = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
win.fill((0, 180, 210))

class button():
    def __init__(self, color, x, y, width, height, text=''):
        self.color = color
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.text = text

    def draw(self, win, outline=None):
        # Call this method to draw the button on the screen
        if outline:
            pygame.draw.rect(win, outline, (self.x - 2, self.y - 2, self.width + 4, self.height + 4), 0)

        pygame.draw.rect(win, self.color, (self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height), 0)

        if self.text != '':
            font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsans', 60)
            text = font.render(self.text, 1, (0, 0, 0))
            win.blit(text, (self.x + (self.width / 2 - text.get_width() / 2), self.y + (self.height / 2 - text.get_height() / 2)))

    def isOver(self, pos):
        # Pos is the mouse position or a tuple of (x,y) coordinates
        if pos[0] > self.x and pos[0] < self.x + self.width:
            if pos[1] > self.y and pos[1] < self.y + self.height:
                return True

        return False

def redrawWindow():
    win.fill((0, 180, 210))
    greenButton.draw(win, (0, 0, 0))
    redButton.draw(win, (0, 0, 0))

run = True
greenButton = button((0, 255, 0), 280, 190, 250, 100, "Start")
redButton = button((255, 0, 0), 280, 310, 250, 100, "Quit")
while run:
    redrawWindow()
    pygame.display.update()

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
            pygame.quit()
            quit()

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if greenButton.isOver(pos):
                print("clicked the button")
            if redButton.isOver(pos):
                print("clicked the 2button")

        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEMOTION:
            if greenButton.isOver(pos):
                greenButton.color = (105, 105, 105)
            else:
                greenButton.color = (0, 255, 0)
            if redButton.isOver(pos):
                redButton.color = (105, 105, 105)
            else:
                redButton.color = (255, 0, 0)

Answer 2

您不必总是为按钮使用类，也可以使用函数。 这是我的样子：

def button(x, y, w, h, inactive, active, action=None):
    mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
    click = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()

    if x + w > mouse[0] > x and y + h > mouse[1] > y:
        gameDisplay.blit(active, (x, y))
        if click[0] == 1 and action is not None:
            action()
    else:
        gameDisplay.blit(inactive, (x, y))

这是每个参数的含义：

x - 按钮的 x 坐标

y - 按钮的 y 坐标

w - 按钮的宽度

h - 按钮的高度

active - 鼠标悬停在按钮上时的图片

inactive - 按钮空闲时的图片

action - 点击按钮时执行的函数