Sqlite 和 Django shell 不同步答案

【问题标题】：Sqllite and Django shell are not in syncSqlite 和 Django shell 不同步
【发布时间】：2018-02-02 06:58:22
【问题描述】：

我从 sqllite3 shell 中删除了一个表，然后当我尝试通过运行 python manage.py migrate/python manage.py makemigrations 再次创建它时，未创建表并显示以下错误。如何重新创建表并使我的数据库和 API 不同步。我也尝试使用 python manage.py dbsync 但没有成功。

Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, cgkapp, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying cgkapp.0002_delete_questions...Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 303, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.OperationalError: no such table: cgkapp_questions

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 200, in handle
    fake_initial=fake_initial,
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 117, in migrate
    state = self._migrate_all_forwards(state, plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 147, in _migrate_all_forwards
    state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 244, in apply_migration
    state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 122, in apply
    operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/models.py", line 246, in database_forwa
rds
    schema_editor.delete_model(model)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/schema.py", line 287, in delete_model
    super().delete_model(model)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 317, in delete_model
    "table": self.quote_name(model._meta.db_table),
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 117, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 100, in execute
    return super().execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 68, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 77, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 85, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 303, in execute
    return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: no such table: cgkapp_questions

【问题讨论】：

创建一个新的迁移文件并添加可以创建表的迁移。您可以在以前的迁移中评论迁移并将其添加到新文件中，或者您删除 sqlite db 并创建一个新的。

标签： django django-models

【解决方案1】：

Django migrate 命令尝试进行所有尚未完成的迁移（它们保存在迁移目录中）。

在这里，您的迁移目录中有“0002_delete_questions”迁移文件，当您运行迁移命令时，此迁移尝试从数据库中删除问题表，但该表已被删除。所以你可以通过两种方式处理这个问题

从项目的迁移目录中删除此迁移文件
运行此命令python manage.py migrate --fake cgkapp 0002_delete_questions（这里“cgkapp”是您的应用名称，“0002_delete_questions”是您的迁移文件名）

【讨论】：

(django20) 07:52 ~/childrenGK $ python manage.py makemigrations Migrations for 'cgkapp': cgkapp/migrations/0001_initial.py - 创建模型问题但我在 SQLlite 中看不到表格(django20) 07:52 ~/childrenGK $ python manage.py dbshell sqlite> .tables auth_group auth_user_user_permissions auth_group_permissions django_admin_log auth_permission django_content_type auth_user django_migrations auth_user_groups django_session
您是否在初始迁移后运行了 python manage.py migrate 命令？您可以发布“django_migrations”表记录，因为这些表包含已完成的迁移，您在此表中看到初始迁移吗？
我认为 django_migrations 可能有一些条目，所以我删除了该表:-)。现在我不知道如何解决它。它给出了如下大错误文件“/home/shrivatsa555/.virtualenvs/django20/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base. py"，第 301 行，在执行中返回 Database.Cursor.execute(self, query) django.db.utils.OperationalError: table "django_content_type" already exists
我的迁移文件夹和 models.py 类 Questions(models.Model) 中只有 0001_initial.py： Question_Number = models.AutoField(primary_key = True), Question_Text = models.TextField(max_length = 1000), Option1 = models.TextField(max_length=500), Option2 = models.TextField(max_length=500), Option3 = models.TextField(max_length=500), Option4 = models.TextField(max_length=500), Answer = models.TextField(max_length=500), Difficulty_Level = models.IntegerField(validators=[validate_number])
终于用 python manage.py migrate --fake-initial 解决了这个问题。你的建议对我有帮助。