替代 Django 的 image.url 方法？

Question

我正在使用内联表单集，以便用户可以一次上传多张图片。图像已保存，功能与预期相同，但前端除外。当我使用类似于 {{ form. image }}，我可以清楚地看到我的图片已保存，当我点击 url 时，我被重定向到上传的文件。问题似乎是当我尝试将图像的 URL 设置为图像元素的 src 时，没有存储绝对 URL。

尝试在<p> 标记中记录 MEDIA_URL 和 MEDIA_ROOT 不会产生任何结果。

settings.py

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')    
ROOT_URLCONF = 'dashboard_app.urls'
STATIC_URL = '/static/' 
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
] 

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from . import views
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings
app_name = 'Accounts_Namespace'
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', views.Register, name='Accounts_Register'),
    url(r'^change-password/$', views.ChangePassword, name="Accounts_Change_Password"),
    url(r'^login/$', views.Login, name='Accounts_Login'),
    url(r'^logout/$', views.Logout, name='Accounts_Logout'),
    url(r'^profile/$', views.ViewProfile, name='Accounts_View_Profile'),
    url(r'^profile/edit/$', views.EditProfile, name="Accounts_Edit_Profile"),
    url(r'^school/', include('student_map_app.urls', namespace="Student_Maps_Namespace")),

 ] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

models.py

class Gallery(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(get_user_model(), on_delete=models.CASCADE)
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="gallery_images")
uploaded = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

views.py

def EditProfile(request):
user = request.user

galleryInlineFormSet = inlineformset_factory(get_user_model(), Gallery, form=GalleryForm)
selectedUserGallery = Gallery.objects.filter(user=user).order_by('uploaded')
userGallery_initial = [{'image': selection.image} for selection in selectedUserGallery] # Using this syntax because formset initials accept dictionaries

if request.method == "POST":
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(request.POST, instance=request.user)
    gallery_inlineformset = galleryInlineFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES)   # Essentially, we're passing a queryset

    if profile_form.is_valid() and gallery_inlineformset.is_valid():
        # Altering the User model through the UserProfile model's UserProfileForm representative
        user.first_name = profile_form.cleaned_data['first_name']
        user.last_name = profile_form.cleaned_data['last_name']
        user.save()

        new_images = []

        for gallery_form in gallery_inlineformset:
            image = gallery_form.cleaned_data.get('image')
            if image:
                new_images.append(Gallery(user=user, image=image))
        try:
            Gallery.objects.filter(user=user).delete()
            Gallery.objects.bulk_create(new_images)
            messages.success(request, 'You have updated your profile.')
        except IntegrityError:
            messages.error(request, 'There was an error saving your profile.')
            return HttpResponseRedirect('https://www.youtube.com')

else:
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(request.user)
    gallery_inlineformset = galleryInlineFormSet(initial=userGallery_initial)

args = { 'profile_form':profile_form, 'gallery_inlineformset':gallery_inlineformset }
return render(request, 'accounts_app/editprofile.html', args)

editprofile.html

    {% block main %}
<section class="Container">
    <section class="Main-Content">
        <form id="post_form" method="POST" action='' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
            {% csrf_token %}
            {{ gallery_inlineformset.management_form }}
            {% for gallery_form in gallery_inlineformset %}
                <div class="link-formset">
                    {{ gallery_form.image }}    <!-- Show the image upload field -->
                    <p>{{ MEDIA_ROOT }}</p>
                    <p>{{ MEDIA_URL }}</p>
                    <img src="/media/{{gallery_form.image.image.url}}">
                </div>
            {% endfor %}
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
        </form>
    </section>
</section>
{% endblock %}

再次，当我尝试时：

<img src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ gallery_form.image.url }}">

我得到一个值“未知”作为来源，但我可以单击“{{ gallery_form.image}}”生成的链接并查看上传的图像。尝试同时记录“MEDIA_URL”和“MEDIA_ROOT”不会产生任何结果。不太清楚问题出在哪里。

Answer 1

使用<img src="{{ gallery_form.image.url }}"> 并确保image 不是None

将此行添加到您的urls.py

urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

Answer 2

无需在图片地址前添加{{MEDIA_URL}}。因为默认情况下它会在你的图片 url 路径之前添加/media。

还要确保将所有以media 开头的路径添加到您的网址中。

from django.conf import settings

if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        (r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {
        'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}))

当尝试在 django 模板中打印图像 url 时，处理图像不存在的情况如下：

<img src="{% if gallery_form.image %}{{ gallery_form.image.url }}{%else%} <default-image-path-here> {%endif%}"

Answer 3

虽然我不知道为什么我不能使用 Django 预定义的 .url() 方法，但我最终还是使用了用户在我的上一个问题中向我建议的另一个解决方案。基本上，在用户上传图像并将它们存储在数据库中之后，我们创建一个变量来存储这些图像的 URL 属性，并从模板访问该变量。它看起来像这样：

views.py

selectedUserGallery = Gallery.objects.filter(user=user) # Get gallery objects where user is request.user
userGallery_initial = [{'image': selection.image, 'image_url':selection.image.url} for selection in selectedUserGallery if selection.image]
if request.method == "GET":
    print("--------GET REQUEST: PRESENTING PRE-EXISTING GALLERY IMAGES.-------")
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(request.user)
    gallery_inlineformset = galleryInlineFormSet(initial=userGallery_initial)

模板.html

<form id="post_form" method="POST" action='' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
            {% csrf_token %}
            {{ gallery_inlineformset.management_form }}
            {% for gallery_form in gallery_inlineformset %}
                <div class="link-formset">
                    {{ gallery_form.image }}    <!-- Show the image upload field, this is not he image var from views.py -->
                    {% if gallery_form.image is not None %}
                        <p>The image should be below:</p>
                        <img src="{{ gallery_form.initial.image_url }}">
                    {% endif %}
                </div>
            {% endfor %}
            <input type="submit" name="gallery-submit" value="Submit" />
        </form>

此外，由于不再使用 bulk_create()，我最终替换了原始帖子中的大部分代码。