二进制格式化程序的列表序列化和反序列化

Question

我有课。我想序列化并序列化一个包含该类对象的列表。我想使用二进制格式化程序。 这是我的课：

[Serializable]
public class Section :ISerializable
{
    private double ClearCover;
    private string SectionName;

    private double Diameter;

    public double Height;
    private double Width;

    private double InternalDiameter;
    private double ExternalDiameter;

    private double InternalHeight;
    private double ExternalHeight;
    private double InternalWidth;
    private double ExternalWidth;

    private double WebWidth;
    private double FlangeWidth;
    private double FlangeThickness;



    public double clearCover
    {
        get { return ClearCover; } 
        set { ClearCover = value; }
    }
    public string sectionName
    {
        get{return SectionName;} 
        set{SectionName=value;} 
    }

    public double diameter
    {
        get { return Diameter; } 
        set { Diameter = value; }
    }

    public double height
    {
        set { Height = value; }
        get { return Height; }
    }
    public double width
    {
        set { Width = value; }
        get { return Width; }
    }

    public double internalDiameter
    {
        set { InternalDiameter = value; } 
        get { return InternalDiameter; }
    }
    public double externalDiameter
    {
        set { ExternalDiameter = value; } 
        get { return ExternalDiameter; }
    }

    public double internalHeight
    {
        set { InternalHeight = value; }
        get { return InternalHeight; }
    }
    public double externalHeight
    {
        set { ExternalHeight = value; } 
        get { return ExternalHeight; }
    }
    public double internalWidth
    {
        set { InternalWidth = value; } 
        get { return InternalWidth; }
    }
    public double externalWidth
    {
        set { ExternalWidth = value; } 
        get { return ExternalWidth; }
    }

    public double flangeWidth
    {
        set { FlangeWidth = value; }
        get { return FlangeWidth; }
    }
    public double flangeThickness
    {
        set { FlangeThickness = value; }
        get { return FlangeThickness; }
    }
    public double webWidth
    {
        set { WebWidth = value; }
        get { return WebWidth; }
    }




    public Section() { }

    protected Section(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        sectionName = info.GetString("Section Name");
        clearCover = info.GetDouble("Clear Cover");

        diameter = info.GetDouble("Diameter");

        //internalDiameter = info.GetDouble("Internal Diameter");
        //externalDiameter = info.GetDouble("External Diameter");


        height = info.GetDouble("Height");
        width = info.GetDouble("Width");



        internalHeight = info.GetDouble("Internal Height");
        externalHeight = info.GetDouble("External Height");
        internalWidth = info.GetDouble("Internal Width");
        externalWidth = info.GetDouble("External Width");

        flangeWidth = info.GetDouble("Flange Width");
        flangeThickness = info.GetDouble("Flange Thickness");
        webWidth = info.GetDouble("Web Width");



    }

    public virtual void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        info.AddValue("Section Name", sectionName);
        info.AddValue("Clear Cover", clearCover);

        info.AddValue("Diameter",diameter);

        //info.AddValue("Internal Diameter", internalDiameter);
        //info.AddValue("External Diameter", externalDiameter);

        info.AddValue("Height",height);
        info.AddValue("Width",width);

        info.AddValue("Internal Height",internalHeight);
        info.AddValue("External Height",externalHeight);
        info.AddValue("Internal Width",internalWidth);
        info.AddValue("External Width",externalWidth);

        info.AddValue("Flange Width",flangeWidth);
        info.AddValue("Flange Thickness", flangeThickness);
        info.AddValue("Web Width", webWidth);


    }


}

我在序列化方面没有任何问题。但是对于反序列化，它可以只反序列化第一个对象而不是所有对象。我该怎么办，请帮帮我！

Answer 1

从OP的另一封邮件中，获得了以下方法（我整理了一点，不多）：

static void Serialize(object obj, string filename)
{
    using (FileStream streamOut = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Append))
    {
        BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        formatter.Serialize(streamOut, obj);
    }
}


public static List<Section> DeserializeList(string filename)
{
    using (FileStream streamIn = File.OpenRead(filename))
    {
        BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        return (List<Section>) formatter.Deserialize(streamIn);
    }
}

这里的关键观察是假设BinaryFormatter是一种可附加格式，并且顺序序列化两个对象与同时序列化两个项目（一个列表）相同，例如：

if(File.Exists("foo.bin")) File.Delete("foo.bin"); // start afresh
Serialize(new Section { Diameter = 1.2, ClearCover = 3.4 }, "foo.bin");
Serialize(new Section { Diameter = 5.6, ClearCover = 7.8 }, "foo.bin");

var clone = DeserializeList("foo.bin");

然而，并非如此。要以这种方式反序列化项目，我们必须执行以下操作：

public static List<Section> DeserializeList(string filename)
{
    using (FileStream streamIn = File.OpenRead(filename))
    {
        List<Section> list = new List<Section>();
        BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
        while(streamIn.Position != streamIn.Length)
        {
            list.Add((Section) formatter.Deserialize(streamIn));
        }
        return list;
    }
}

这有点令人烦恼 - 尤其是因为它不能应用于所有流（.Length 甚至 .Position 都不是普遍可用的）。

上述应该可以工作，但我强烈建议使用可附加的格式，例如 protobuf。事实上，就模型而言，protobuf-net 让这个场景变得毫不费力：

[ProtoContract]
public class Section
{
    [ProtoMember(1)] public double ClearCover { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(2)] public string SectionName { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(3)] public double Diameter { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(4)] public double Height { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(5)] public double Width { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(6)] public double InternalDiameter { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(7)] public double ExternalDiameter { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(8)] public double InternalHeight { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(9)] public double ExternalHeight { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(10)] public double InternalWidth { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(11)] public double ExternalWidth { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(12)] public double FlangeWidth { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(13)] public double FlangeThickness { get; set; }
    [ProtoMember(14)] public double WebWidth { get; set; }
}

以及序列化/反序列化：

static void Main()
{
    if (File.Exists("foo.bin")) File.Delete("foo.bin"); // start afresh

    Serialize(new Section { Diameter = 1.2, ClearCover = 3.4 }, "foo.bin");
    Serialize(new Section { Diameter = 5.6, ClearCover = 7.8 }, "foo.bin");

    var clone = DeserializeList("foo.bin");
}
static void Serialize(object obj, string filename)
{
    using (FileStream streamOut = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Append))
    {
        Serializer.NonGeneric.SerializeWithLengthPrefix(
            streamOut, obj, PrefixStyle.Base128, Serializer.ListItemTag);
    }
}


public static List<Section> DeserializeList(string filename)
{
    using (FileStream streamIn = File.OpenRead(filename))
    {
        return Serializer.DeserializeItems<Section>(
            streamIn, PrefixStyle.Base128, Serializer.ListItemTag).ToList();
    }
}

最后，这两行的BinaryFormatter 数据是 750 字节；使用 protobuf-net：40 字节。