使用 Jackson 序列化 ImmutableMap 时如何保留类型信息？答案

【问题标题】：How can I preserve type info when serializing ImmutableMap using Jackson?使用 Jackson 序列化 ImmutableMap 时如何保留类型信息？
【发布时间】：2020-06-16 13:33:29
【问题描述】：

当我序列化HashMap 时，我可以保留类型信息，以便我可以将其反序列化为相应的类型，但这在序列化com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap 时不起作用。如何保留类型信息？

public class ImmutableMapJacksonTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper()
                .enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);

        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("k1", "v1");
        map.put("k2", "v2");
        // ["java.util.HashMap",{"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}]
        // preserve type info
        System.out.println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));

        ImmutableMap<String, String> immutableMap = ImmutableMap.of("k1", "v1", "k2", "v2");
        // {"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}
        // miss type info
        System.out.println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(immutableMap));
    }
}

【问题讨论】：

我终于使用this approach，使用HashMap作为中介序列化和反序列化ImmutableMap实例。

标签： java serialization jackson guava

【解决方案1】：

在pom.xml中添加如下依赖。

<properties>
    <jackson.version>2.11.1</jackson.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-datatype-guava</artifactId>
        <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

然后像下面这样创建ObjectMapper 实例，你会得到你想要的。

// https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-docs/wiki/JacksonPolymorphicDeserialization
PolymorphicTypeValidator ptv = BasicPolymorphicTypeValidator.builder()
        .allowIfSubType(Object.class)
        .build();
ObjectMapper objectMapper = JsonMapper.builder()
        .addModule(new GuavaModule()) // https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-datatypes-collections
        .activateDefaultTyping(ptv, ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.EVERYTHING)
        .build();

Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("k1", "v1");
map.put("k2", "v2");
// ["java.util.HashMap",{"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}]
System.out.println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map));

ImmutableMap<String, String> immutableMap = ImmutableMap.of("k1", "v1", "k2", "v2");
// ["com.google.common.collect.RegularImmutableMap",{"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}]
System.out.println(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(immutableMap));

【讨论】：