DRF 序列化 - 多对多字段通过答案

【问题标题】：DRF serialization - many-to-many field with throughDRF 序列化 - 多对多字段通过
【发布时间】：2021-07-12 15:20:07
【问题描述】：

如何通过参数对多对多字段的数据进行序列化？我有 3 个模型：

class Ingredient(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
    )
    measurement_unit = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
    )

class Recipe(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(
        max_length=200,
    )
    ingredients = models.ManyToManyField(
        Ingredient,
        through='RecipeIngredientsDetails',
    )

class RecipeIngredientsDetails(models.Model):
    recipe = models.ForeignKey(
        Recipe,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
    )
    ingredient = models.ForeignKey(
        Ingredient,
        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
    )
    amount = models.FloatField()

我的序列化器：

class IngredientSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    # amount = ???

    class Meta:
        model = Ingredient
        fields = ["id", "name", "amount", "measurement_unit"]
        
class RecipeSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Recipe
        fields = ["name", "ingredients"]
        depth = 1

现在，我明白了：

{
"name": "Nice title",
"ingredients": [
{
    "id": 1,
    "name": "salt",
    "measurement_unit": "g"
},
{
    "id": 2,
    "name": "sugar",
    "measurement_unit": "g"
}
]
}

我需要每种成分的量值。如何实现？

【问题讨论】：

标签： django django-rest-framework

【解决方案1】：

您需要更改IngredientSerializer 以使用RecipeIngredientsDetails 模型，并在RecipeSerializer 内显式设置相关序列化程序：

from rest_framework.serializers import ReadOnlyField

class IngredientDetailSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    id = ReadOnlyField(source='ingredient.id')    
    ingredient = ReadOnlyField(source='ingredient.name')
    measurement_unit = ReadOnlyField(source='ingredient.measurement_unit')

    class Meta:
        model = RecipeIngredientsDetails
        fields = ["id", "ingredient", "measurement_unit", "amount",]
        
class RecipeSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    ingredients = IngredientDetailSerializer(source="recipeingredientsdetails_set", many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Recipe
        fields = ["name", "ingredients"]
        depth = 1

【讨论】：

非常感谢！