Azure 网站无法连接到 SQL Azure 数据库

Question

我已经搜索了几个小时，但找不到任何有用的信息。

在 Windows Azure 中使用 ASP.NET MVC4。

当我使用 SQL Azure 连接字符串在我的开发机器上本地运行该站点时。我可以访问远程数据库完全没有问题。但是，当我部署站点并尝试从 [mysite].azurewebsites.com 访问它时，超时后出现以下错误（Azure 中的连接字符串相同；复制并粘贴）：

A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL
Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct 
and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network 
Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified) 

Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request.
Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in 
the code. 

SQLExpress database file auto-creation error: 


The connection string specifies a local Sql Server Express instance using a database location 
within the application's App_Data directory. The provider attempted to automatically create the 
application services database because the provider determined that the database does not exist. 
The following configuration requirements are necessary to successfully check for existence of 
the application services database and automatically create the application services database:

1.If the application is running on either Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008R2, special 
configuration steps are necessary to enable automatic creation of the provider database. 
Additional information is available at: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=160102. If the 
application's App_Data directory does not already exist, the web server account must have read 
and write access to the application's directory. This is necessary because the web server 
account will automatically create the App_Data directory if it does not already exist.
2.If the application's App_Data directory already exists, the web server account only requires 
read and write access to the application's App_Data directory. This is necessary because the web 
server account will attempt to verify that the Sql Server Express database already exists within 
the application's App_Data directory. Revoking read access on the App_Data directory from the 
web server account will prevent the provider from correctly determining if the Sql Server 
Express database already exists. This will cause an error when the provider attempts to create a 
duplicate of an already existing database. Write access is required because the web server 
account's credentials are used when creating the new database.
3.Sql Server Express must be installed on the machine.
4.The process identity for the web server account must have a local user profile. See the readme 
document for details on how to create a local user profile for both machine and domain accounts.


Source Error: 


An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. 
Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the 
exception stack trace below.    

Stack Trace: 



[SqlException (0x80131904): A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while 
establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify 
that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. 
(provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified)]
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean 
breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction) +5296071
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean 
callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose) +558
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.Connect(ServerInfo serverInfo, SqlInternalConnectionTds 
connHandler, Boolean ignoreSniOpenTimeout, Int64 timerExpire, Boolean encrypt, Boolean   
trustServerCert, Boolean integratedSecurity, Boolean withFailover) +5308555
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds.AttemptOneLogin(ServerInfo serverInfo, String 
newPassword, SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean ignoreSniOpenTimeout, TimeoutTimer timeout, 
Boolean withFailover) +145
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds.LoginNoFailover(ServerInfo serverInfo, String 
newPassword, SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnectionString 
connectionOptions, SqlCredential credential, TimeoutTimer timeout) +920
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds.OpenLoginEnlist(TimeoutTimer timeout, 
SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, SqlCredential credential, String newPassword, 
SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance) +307
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds..ctor(DbConnectionPoolIdentity identity, 
SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, SqlCredential credential, Object providerInfo, String 
newPassword, SecureString newSecurePassword, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnectionString 
userConnectionOptions) +434
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(DbConnectionOptions options,   
DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, Object poolGroupProviderInfo, DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection 
owningConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) +5311099
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.CreateNonPooledConnection(DbConnection 
owningConnection, DbConnectionPoolGroup poolGroup, DbConnectionOptions userOptions) +38
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection, 
TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection) 
+5313314
System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionClosed.TryOpenConnection(DbConnection outerConnection, 
DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions 
userOptions) +143
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.TryOpen(TaskCompletionSource`1 retry) +83
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open() +96
System.Web.Management.SqlServices.GetSqlConnection(String server, String user, String password,
Boolean trusted, String connectionString) +76

[HttpException (0x80004005): Unable to connect to SQL Server database.]
System.Web.Management.SqlServices.GetSqlConnection(String server, String user, String password, 
Boolean trusted, String connectionString) +131
System.Web.Management.SqlServices.SetupApplicationServices(String server, String user, String 
password, Boolean trusted, String connectionString, String database, String dbFileName,
SqlFeatures features, Boolean install) +89
System.Web.Management.SqlServices.Install(String database, String dbFileName, String 
connectionString) +27
System.Web.DataAccess.SqlConnectionHelper.CreateMdfFile(String fullFileName, String dataDir,
String connectionString) +386

我尝试使用 ftp 查看远程 web.config 文件，但每次尝试“设置部署凭据”时都会收到此错误：

Failed to Set Credentials with error: 'Publishing username is already used. Specify a different publishing username.'

这是BS，因为根本没有设置“部署/FTP用户”。

任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

应用程序似乎使用了错误的连接字符串。有时 MVC 4 / EF5 的默认连接字符串如下：

<add name="MovieDBContext" 
   connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDB)\v11.0;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\Movies.mdf;Integrated Security=True" 
   providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" 
/> 

对我来说，它仍在使用此默认连接，这就是本地工作的原因。

一些策略：

1-获取你的dbcontext使用的连接字符串如下：

var myconn = db.Database.Connection.ConnectionString; //set this to a ViewBag for example

2-为了确定，在 web.config 中使用与 DbContext 相同的名称创建连接字符串，或者在构造函数中设置连接名称。

现在你已经有了 Sql Azure Connstring，但我也会在这里发布，因为它可以帮助其他人：

默认 Sql Azure 连接字符串

Server=tcp:[serverName].database.windows.net;Database=myDataBase;
User ID=[LoginForDb]@[serverName];Password=myPassword;Trusted_Connection=False;
Encrypt=True;

您可以在管理门户中找到合适的。

Answer 2

我知道这是一个老套路，但我想分享我的解决方案。

我的问题是我可以在本地计算机上运行应用程序并连接到 Azure 上的 SQL。并且登录验证是在 Azure SQL 上完成的。

在 Azure 上运行应用程序时，无法登录，但具有匿名访问权限的页面以探测方式连接到数据库。

在 Azure 管理中，DefaultConnection 的连接字符串在项目发布时不会更改。我认为这个连接是我第一次将项目发布到 Azure 时创建的。 将默认连接字符串设置为与 web.config 中的相同后，一切正常。

Answer 3

我解决此问题的方法是通过 FTP 进入站点并下载并查看 web.config 中的连接字符串。

这不是我所期望的。然后我将其删除并修复了该问题，然后重新发布了该网站。

我再次通过 FTP 进入该站点，现在它确实有正确的连接字符串。

就我而言，问题在于我使用的是 web.release.config 文件，但由于配置不正确，因此实际上并未使用它。

Answer 4

我最近遇到了同样的问题，但在我的情况下，原因不同。我已将Microsoft ASP.NET Universal Providers 配置为连接到我的 SQL Azure 数据库。后来，当我使用ASP.NET Configuration Tool 启用角色时，这就是我的配置。

<membership defaultProvider="DefaultMembershipProvider">
  <providers>
    <add name="DefaultMembershipProvider" type="System.Web.Providers.DefaultMembershipProvider" connectionStringName="hidden" enablePasswordRetrieval="false" enablePasswordReset="true" requiresQuestionAndAnswer="false" requiresUniqueEmail="false" maxInvalidPasswordAttempts="5" minRequiredPasswordLength="0" minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="0" passwordAttemptWindow="10" applicationName="/" />
  </providers>
</membership>
<roleManager enabled="true" />  

roleManager 部分由配置工具添加。然而，该工具是在没有通用提供者之类的传说的时代编写的。

看看缺少什么？是的，roleManager 部分没有定义任何连接字符串。但是，在我的本地计算机上一切正常，因为缺少连接字符串会导致创建本地 MDF，应用程序现在可以在其中存储角色，但在 Azure 中，这不起作用。我通过以相同的方式指定连接字符串来解决它：

<membership defaultProvider="DefaultMembershipProvider">
  <providers>
    <add name="DefaultMembershipProvider" type="System.Web.Providers.DefaultMembershipProvider" connectionStringName="hidden" enablePasswordRetrieval="false" enablePasswordReset="true" requiresQuestionAndAnswer="false" requiresUniqueEmail="false" maxInvalidPasswordAttempts="5" minRequiredPasswordLength="0" minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="0" passwordAttemptWindow="10" applicationName="/" />
  </providers>
</membership>
<roleManager enabled="true" defaultProvider="DefaultRoleProvider">
  <providers>
    <add name="DefaultRoleProvider" type="System.Web.Providers.DefaultRoleProvider" connectionStringName="hidden" applicationName="/" />
  </providers>
</roleManager>  

解决了这个问题。我确实必须重新配置我的所有角色，因为它们位于本地文件的某个位置。