【发布时间】：2011-03-10 10:45:24
【问题描述】：
我似乎无法使用 php 安全地绑定到 Active Directory。未加密的连接工作正常。使用其他客户端能够安全地绑定，例如使用 LDAPAdmin 通过 SSL 进行连接。这里有什么问题？是否有一些我缺少的 LDAP SSL 模块？如何使用 php 安全地绑定到服务器？
我从phpinfo() 注意到 cURL 支持 ldap/ldaps - 使用它在 php 中执行安全绑定的一个很好的例子是什么？这是一个可行的解决方法吗？
phpinfo();
ldap
LDAP Support enabled
RCS Version $Id: ldap.c 293036 2010-01-03 09:23:27Z sebastian $
Total Links 0/unlimited
API Version 3001
Vendor Name OpenLDAP
Vendor Version 20421
SASL Support Enabled
尝试使用来自 Ubuntu 10.04 存储库的 PHP 版本 5.3.2-1ubuntu4.7 绑定到 Active Directory 服务器
$username = 'user';
$password = 'passwd';
$account_suffix = '@example.com';
$hostnameSSL = 'ldaps://ldap.example.com:636';
$hostnameTLS = 'ldap.example.com';
$portTLS = 389;
ldap_set_option(NULL, LDAP_OPT_DEBUG_LEVEL, 7);
// Attempting fix from http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.ldap.php#77553
putenv('LDAPTLS_REQCERT=never');
####################
# SSL bind attempt #
####################
// Attempting syntax from http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.ldap-bind.php#101445
$con = ldap_connect($hostnameSSL);
if (!is_resource($con)) trigger_error("Unable to connect to $hostnameSSL",E_USER_WARNING);
// Options from http://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.ldap.php#73191
if (!ldap_set_option($con, LDAP_OPT_PROTOCOL_VERSION, 3))
{
trigger_error("Failed to set LDAP Protocol version to 3, TLS not supported",E_USER_WARNING);
}
ldap_set_option($con, LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS, 0);
if (ldap_bind($con,$username . $account_suffix, $password)) die('All went well using SSL');
ldap_close($con);
####################
# TLS bind attempt #
####################
$con = ldap_connect($hostnameTLS,$portTLS);
ldap_set_option($con, LDAP_OPT_PROTOCOL_VERSION, 3);
ldap_set_option($con, LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS, 0);
$encrypted = (ldap_start_tls($con));
if ($encrypted) ldap_bind($con,$username . $account_suffix, $password); // Unecrypted works, but don't want logins sent in cleartext
ldap_close($con);
#####################
# SASL bind attempt #
#####################
$con = ldap_connect($hostnameTLS,$portTLS);
ldap_set_option($con, LDAP_OPT_PROTOCOL_VERSION, 3);
ldap_set_option($con, LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS, 0);
ldap_sasl_bind($con, NULL, $password, 'DIGEST-MD5', NULL, $username. $account_suffix);
ldap_close($con);
以上都失败了。日志中的错误：
ldap_create
ldap_url_parse_ext(ldaps://ldap.example.com:636)
ldap_bind_s
ldap_simple_bind_s
ldap_sasl_bind_s
ldap_sasl_bind
ldap_send_initial_request
ldap_new_connection 1 1 0
ldap_int_open_connection
ldap_connect_to_host: TCP ldap.example.com:636
ldap_new_socket: 27
ldap_prepare_socket: 27
ldap_connect_to_host: Trying 1.1.1.1:636
ldap_pvt_connect: fd: 27 tm: -1 async: 0
ldap_open_defconn: successful
ldap_send_server_request
ldap_result ld 0x215380c0 msgid 1
wait4msg ld 0x215380c0 msgid 1 (infinite timeout)
wait4msg continue ld 0x215380c0 msgid 1 all 1
** ld 0x215380c0 Connections:
* host: ldap.example.com port: 636 (default)
refcnt: 2 status: Connected
last used: Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011
** ld 0x215380c0 Outstanding Requests:
* msgid 1, origid 1, status InProgress
outstanding referrals 0, parent count 0
ld 0x215380c0 request count 1 (abandoned 0)
** ld 0x215380c0 Response Queue:
Empty
ld 0x215380c0 response count 0
ldap_chkResponseList ld 0x215380c0 msgid 1 all 1
ldap_chkResponseList returns ld 0x215380c0 NULL
ldap_int_select
read1msg: ld 0x215380c0 msgid 1 all 1
ldap_err2string
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP Warning: ldap_bind() [<a href='function.ldap-bind'>function.ldap-bind</a>]: Unable to bind to server: Can't contact LDAP server in /..test.php on line 28
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP Stack trace:
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP 1. {main}() /..test.php:0
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP 2. ldap_bind() /..test.php:28
ldap_free_request (origid 1, msgid 1)
ldap_free_connection 1 1
ldap_free_connection: actually freed
ldap_create
ldap_err2string
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP Warning: ldap_start_tls() [<a href='function.ldap-start-tls'>function.ldap-start-tls</a>]: Unable to start TLS: Not Supported in /..test.php on line 37
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP Stack trace:
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP 1. {main}() /..test.php:0
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP 2. ldap_start_tls() /..test.php:37
ldap_create
ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s: user selected: DIGEST-MD5
ldap_err2string
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP Warning: ldap_sasl_bind() [<a href='function.ldap-sasl-bind'>function.ldap-sasl-bind</a>]: Unable to bind to server: Not Supported in /..test.php on line 47
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP Stack trace:
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP 1. {main}() /..test.php:0
[Thu Mar 10 11:15:53 2011] [error] [client ::1] PHP 2. ldap_sasl_bind() /..test.php:47
查看 ssl 响应：
>> openssl s_client -connect my.example.com:636 -prexit
(...)
SSL handshake has read 5732 bytes and written 443 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is RC4-MD5
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : RC4-MD5
Session-ID: 111111111111111111111111
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key: AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Key-Arg : None
Start Time: 1299071105
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 20 (unable to get local issuer certificate)
'strace php test.php' 的结果：
write(2, " refcnt: 2 status: Connected\n", 31 refcnt: 2 status: Connected
) = 31
write(2, " last used: Tue Mar 15 10:59:19"..., 39 last used: Tue Mar 15 10:59:19 2011
) = 39
write(2, "\n", 1
) = 1
write(2, "** ld 0x954e0b8 Outstanding Requ"..., 38** ld 0x954e0b8 Outstanding Requests:
) = 38
write(2, " * msgid 1, origid 1, status In"..., 41 * msgid 1, origid 1, status InProgress
) = 41
write(2, " outstanding referrals 0, pare"..., 43 outstanding referrals 0, parent count 0
) = 43
write(2, " ld 0x954e0b8 request count 1 ("..., 45 ld 0x954e0b8 request count 1 (abandoned 0)
) = 45
write(2, "** ld 0x954e0b8 Response Queue:\n", 32** ld 0x954e0b8 Response Queue:
) = 32
write(2, " Empty\n", 9 Empty
) = 9
write(2, " ld 0x954e0b8 response count 0\n", 32 ld 0x954e0b8 response count 0
) = 32
write(2, "ldap_chkResponseList ld 0x954e0b"..., 48ldap_chkResponseList ld 0x954e0b8 msgid 1 all 1
) = 48
write(2, "ldap_chkResponseList returns ld "..., 47ldap_chkResponseList returns ld 0x954e0b8 NULL
) = 47
write(2, "ldap_int_select\n", 16ldap_int_select
) = 16
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN|POLLPRI|POLLERR|POLLHUP}], 1, -1) = 1 ([{fd=3, revents=POLLIN}])
write(2, "read1msg: ld 0x954e0b8 msgid 1 a"..., 37read1msg: ld 0x954e0b8 msgid 1 all 1
) = 37
read(3, "", 8) = 0
write(2, "ldap_err2string\n", 16ldap_err2string
) = 16
write(2, "PHP Warning: ldap_bind(): Unabl"..., 158PHP Warning: ldap_bind(): Unable to bind to server: Can't contact LDAP server in
我确实使用“TLS_REQCERT never”修复了 /etc/ldap.conf - 即使此修复是针对不同的错误，它会提供相当清晰的错误消息。
【问题讨论】：
-
你的例子对我来说工作得很好，在 OS X 上使用 PHP 5.3.3-dev，所以我认为问题不在于你的代码，如果有帮助的话......
-
它对一些人有帮助，因为我试图在另一台机器上运行它，针对同一个 ldap 服务器，并且 SSL 绑定有效。这是一个带有 php 5.2 的 centos 5 服务器。调试输出也有一些 TLS 行，这些在 ubuntu 设置中是缺失的。 ubuntu 上的错误是什么，我仍然无法理解
-
我尝试升级到 10.10，它附带 PHP 版本 => 5.3.3-1ubuntu9.3 - 我仍然得到与上面完全相同的结果。
-
您的问题是整个互联网上最有用的手册！你让我今天一整天都感觉很好。不过可以改变一件事。 putenv('LDAPTLS_REQCERT=never');对我的 Windows 机器上的 sasl 完全没有影响。
-
这个 Q 和问题已经过时了，但我花了一整天的时间让它在 ubuntu 16.04 和 php 7.3 上运行。最后使它起作用的是使用没有端口的主机名。所以就像这样：
ldaps://ldap.example.com。我希望这对某人有所帮助，我也会在下面添加它作为答案。