财务期间的清单编号顺序

Question

在 SQL 2016 中，我需要使用财务期间创建一个列表，但只有从/到可用 - 它的格式类似于日期，但为 0mmyyyy，因此前 3 个数字是月份/期间，最后 4 位数字是年。

例如period_from 是 '0102017' 和 period_to '0032018'，但要恢复一个包含两者之间的列表？

0102017, 
0112017, 
0122017, 
0012018,
0022018

另外，前三个字符可以转到012或013，所以需要能够轻松更改其他数据库的代码。

Answer 1

我不完全确定您要将此列表用于什么目的，但您可以借助计数表和一些常用表表达式获取所有 period 值。

-- Test data
declare @p table(PeriodFrom nvarchar(10),PeriodTo nvarchar(10));
insert into @p values('0102017','0032018'),('0052018','0112018');

-- Specify the additional periods you want to include, use 31st December for correct sorting
declare @e table(ExtraPeriodDate date
                ,ExtraPeriodText nvarchar(10)
                );
insert into @e values('20171231','0132017');

                        -- Convert start and end of periods to dates
with m    as (select cast(min(right(PeriodFrom,4) + substring(PeriodFrom,2,2)) + '01' as date) as MinPeriod
                    ,cast(max(right(PeriodTo,4) + substring(PeriodTo,2,2)) + '01' as date) as MaxPeriod
              from @p
             )          -- Built a tally table of dates to join from
    ,t(t) as (select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1 union all select 1)
    ,d(d) as (select top (select datediff(month,MinPeriod,MaxPeriod)+1 from m) dateadd(m,row_number() over (order by (select null))-1,m.MinPeriod) from m, t t1, t t2, t t3, t t4, t t5)
                        -- Use the tally table to convert back to your date period text format
    ,p    as (select d.d as PeriodDate
                    ,'0' + right('00' + cast(month(d) as nvarchar(2)),2) + cast(year(d) as nvarchar(4)) as PeriodText
              from d
              union all -- and add in any of the addition '13th' month periods you specified previously
              select ExtraPeriodDate
                      ,ExtraPeriodText
              from @e
             )
select PeriodText
from p
order by PeriodDate;

输出：

+------------+
| PeriodText |
+------------+
|    0102017 |
|    0112017 |
|    0122017 |
|    0132017 |
|    0012018 |
|    0022018 |
|    0032018 |
|    0042018 |
|    0052018 |
|    0062018 |
|    0072018 |
|    0082018 |
|    0092018 |
|    0102018 |
|    0112018 |
+------------+

---

如果这不是您所需要的，那么它应该让您走上正确的道路，以生成这些值作为函数的结果，或者根据您的评论通过在结果上使用 for xml 将这些值串联到一个列表中将最后的 select 语句更改为：

select stuff((select ', ' + PeriodText
              from p
              order by PeriodDate
              for xml path('')
             )
             ,1,2,'') as PeriodTexts;

哪些输出：

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                                              PeriodTexts                                                              |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 0102017, 0112017, 0122017, 0132017, 0012018, 0022018, 0032018, 0042018, 0052018, 0062018, 0072018, 0082018, 0092018, 0102018, 0112018 |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

Answer 2

这会有点复杂。首先，我有一个用户定义的表值函数，它根据开始和结束日期输出日历表。您需要先创建它...

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.udf_calendar (@datestart smalldatetime, @dateend smalldatetime)
RETURNS @calendar TABLE (
  [day] int,
  [date] smalldatetime
)
AS

BEGIN

  DECLARE @rows int
  DECLARE @i int = 1

  SELECT
    @rows = DATEDIFF(DAY, @datestart, @dateend)

  WHILE (@i <= @rows)
  BEGIN

    INSERT INTO @calendar ([day])
      VALUES (@i)

    SET @i = @i + 1

  END

  UPDATE a
  SET [date] = DATEADD(DAY, [day] - 1, @datestart)
  --select *, DATEADD(day,id-1,@datestart)
  FROM @calendar a

  RETURN
END

然后，以下将为您提供我认为您正在寻找的输出。我已经发表了评论，试图解释我是如何到达那里的，但仍然可能有点难以理解......

--Create temp table example with your period from and to.

IF (SELECT
    OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#example'))
  IS NOT NULL
  DROP TABLE #example

SELECT
  '0102017' periodfrom,
  '0032018' periodto INTO #example

/*

This is the difficult part. Basically you're inner joining the calendar
to the temp table where the dates are between the manipulated period from and to.
I've added an extra column formatted to allow ordering correctly by period.

*/

SELECT DISTINCT
  periodfrom,
  periodto,
  RIGHT('00' + CAST(DATEPART(MONTH, [date]) AS varchar(50)), 3) + CAST(DATEPART(YEAR, [date]) AS varchar(50)) datefill,
   CAST(DATEPART(YEAR, [date]) AS varchar(50)) + RIGHT('00' + CAST(DATEPART(MONTH, [date]) AS varchar(50)), 3) datefill2
FROM dbo.udf_calendar('2015-01-01', '2018-12-31') a
INNER JOIN #example b
  ON a.[date] BETWEEN SUBSTRING(periodfrom, 2, 2) + '-01-' + SUBSTRING(periodfrom, 4, 4) AND SUBSTRING(periodto, 2, 2) + '-01-' + SUBSTRING(periodto, 4, 4)
ORDER BY datefill2