如何在 React 中访问孩子的状态？ （反应钩子）

Question

使用 react-hooks 访问孩子状态的最佳解决方案是什么？

我尝试了各种方法。低于我最终得到的那个。

表单（父）

export const Form: FunctionComponent<IProps> = ({ onFinish, initState }) => {
  const formInputsStateRef = useRef({})

  const handleFinish = () => {
    const params = formInputsStateRef.current
    console.log(params)
    onFinish(params)
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <Inputs initState={initState} stateRef={formInputsStateRef}  />
      <S.Button onClick={handleFinish}>
        Finish
      </S.Button>
    </div>
  )
}

输入（子）

export const Inputs: FunctionComponent<IProps> = ({ initState, stateRef }) => {
  const [pool, setPool] = useState(initState.pool)
  const [solarPanel, setSolarPanel] = useState(initState.solarPanel)

  useEffect(() => {
    stateRef.current = { pool, solarPanel }
  })

  const handlePoolInput = () => {
    setPool('new pool')
  }

  const handleSolarPanelInput = () => {
    setSolarPanel('new solar panel')
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <h2>{pool}</h2>
      <S.Button onClick={handlePoolInput}>Change pool</S.Button>
      <h2>{solarPanel}</h2>
      <S.Button onClick={handleSolarPanelInput}>Change solar panel</S.Button>
      <h2>-----</h2>
    </div>
  )
}

它是这样工作的，但我不喜欢它在每次渲染时都创建一个对象的事实。

---

输入（子）

useEffect(() => {
    stateRef.current = { pool, solarPanel }
})

Answer 1

您可以将 pool 和 solarPanel 作为第二个参数传递给 useEffect，以便状态更新为仅在这些值更改时引用

export const Inputs: FunctionComponent<IProps> = ({ initState, stateRef }) => {
  const [pool, setPool] = useState(initState.pool)
  const [solarPanel, setSolarPanel] = useState(initState.solarPanel)

  useEffect(() => {
    stateRef.current = { pool, solarPanel }
  }, [pool, solarPanel])

  const handlePoolInput = () => {
    setPool('new pool')
  }

  const handleSolarPanelInput = () => {
    setSolarPanel('new solar panel')
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <h2>{pool}</h2>
      <S.Button onClick={handlePoolInput}>Change pool</S.Button>
      <h2>{solarPanel}</h2>
      <S.Button onClick={handleSolarPanelInput}>Change solar panel</S.Button>
      <h2>-----</h2>
    </div>
  )
}

但是，如果要使用 ref 对子值进行更可控的处理，您可以使用 useImperativeHandle 钩子。

儿童

const InputsChild: FunctionComponent<IProps> = ({ initState, ref }) => {
  const [pool, setPool] = useState(initState.pool)
  const [solarPanel, setSolarPanel] = useState(initState.solarPanel)

  useImperativeHandle(ref, () => ({
    pool,
    solarPanel
  }), [pool, solarPanel])

  const handlePoolInput = () => {
    setPool('new pool')
  }

  const handleSolarPanelInput = () => {
    setSolarPanel('new solar panel')
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <h2>{pool}</h2>
      <S.Button onClick={handlePoolInput}>Change pool</S.Button>
      <h2>{solarPanel}</h2>
      <S.Button onClick={handleSolarPanelInput}>Change solar panel</S.Button>
      <h2>-----</h2>
    </div>
  )
}

export const Inputs = forwardRef(InputsChild);

家长

export const Form: FunctionComponent<IProps> = ({ onFinish, initState }) => {
  const formInputsStateRef = useRef({})

  const handleFinish = () => {
    const params = formInputsStateRef.current
    console.log(params)
    onFinish(params)
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <Inputs initState={initState} ref={formInputsStateRef}  />
      <S.Button onClick={handleFinish}>
        Finish
      </S.Button>
    </div>
  )
}