Android - 发送 HTTPS 获取请求

Question

我想向谷歌购物 api 发送一个 HTTPS 获取请求，但是没有什么对我有用，例如，这是我目前正在尝试的：

try {        
    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
    HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
    request.setURI(new URI("https://www.googleapis.com/shopping/search/v1/public/products/?key={my_key}&country=&q=t-shirts&alt=json&rankByrelevancy="));
    HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}   
return response;

如果有人对如何改进或替换它有任何建议，请告诉我，提前谢谢。

Answer 1

你应该得到一个编译错误。

这是正确的版本：

HttpResponse response = null;
try {        
    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
    HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
    request.setURI(new URI("https://www.googleapis.com/shopping/search/v1/public/products/?key={my_key}&country=&q=t-shirts&alt=json&rankByrelevancy="));
    response = client.execute(request);
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}   
return response;

因此，现在如果您遇到错误，您的响应将返回为 null。

一旦你得到响应并检查它是否为空，你就会想要获取内容（即你的 JSON）。

http://developer.android.com/reference/org/apache/http/HttpResponse.html http://developer.android.com/reference/org/apache/http/HttpEntity.html http://developer.android.com/reference/java/io/InputStream.html

response.getEntity().getContent();

这为您提供了一个可以使用的 InputStream。如果要将其转换为字符串，请执行以下操作或等效操作：

http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-convert-inputstream-to-string-in-java/

public static String convertStreamToString(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
    if (inputStream != null) {
        Writer writer = new StringWriter();

        char[] buffer = new char[1024];
        try {
            Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8"),1024);
            int n;
            while ((n = reader.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                writer.write(buffer, 0, n);
            }
        } finally {
            inputStream.close();
        }
        return writer.toString();
    } else {
        return "";
    }
}

当你有这个字符串时，你需要从它创建一个 JSONObject：

http://developer.android.com/reference/org/json/JSONObject.html

JSONObject json = new JSONObject(inputStreamAsString);

完成！

Answer 2

您是否将其添加到清单中

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

Answer 3

你可以尝试这种方式，也许使用 URLConnection 类

String error = ""; // string field
private String getDataFromUrl(String demoIdUrl) {

    String result = null;
    int resCode;
    InputStream in;
    try {
        URL url = new URL(demoIdUrl);
        URLConnection urlConn = url.openConnection();

        HttpsURLConnection httpsConn = (HttpsURLConnection) urlConn;
        httpsConn.setAllowUserInteraction(false);
        httpsConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
        httpsConn.setRequestMethod("GET");
        httpsConn.connect();
        resCode = httpsConn.getResponseCode();

        if (resCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
            in = httpsConn.getInputStream();

            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    in, "iso-8859-1"), 8);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line).append("\n");
            }
            in.close();
            result = sb.toString();
        } else {
            error += resCode;
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return result;
}

Answer 4

我在这里写了两个方法。复制它们。在你的第一个方法中 uri = 你要发送请求的 url：

第一种方法：

public  static String Getdata (String uri ){

        BufferedReader reader = null;

        try {

            URL url = new URL(uri);
            HttpURLConnection con = null;

            URL testUrlHttps = new URL(uri);
            if (testUrlHttps.getProtocol().toLowerCase().equals("https"))
            {
                trustAllHosts();
                HttpsURLConnection https = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                https.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
                con = https;
            } else
            {
                con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            }


            con.setReadTimeout(15000);
            con.setConnectTimeout(15000);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));

            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line + "\n");
            }

            return sb.toString();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "";
        } finally {
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    return "";
                }
            }
        }
    }

另一种方法完全信任第一种方法的所有认证。

第二种方法：

private static void trustAllHosts()
    {
        // Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
        TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager()
        {
            public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
            {
                return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] {};
            }

            public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException
            {
            }

            public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException
            {
            }
        } };

        // Install the all-trusting trust manager
        try
        {
            SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
            HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

Answer 5

感谢Make HTTPS / HTTP Request in Android

添加一个 Java 类 CustomSSLSocketFactory.java

 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.Socket;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.security.KeyManagementException;
 import java.security.KeyStore;
 import java.security.KeyStoreException;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
 import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
 import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
 import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
 import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
 import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;

 public class CustomSSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory{
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
/**
 * Generate Certificate for ssl connection
 * @param truststore
 * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
 * @throws KeyManagementException
 * @throws KeyStoreException
 * @throws UnrecoverableKeyException
 */
public CustomSSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore)
        throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException,
        KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
    super(truststore);
    TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager(){
        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1)
                throws CertificateException {
        }
        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                                       String authType) throws CertificateException {
        }
        @Override
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return null;
        }
    };
    sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);
}

@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port,
                           boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
    return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port,
            autoClose);
}

@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
    return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}
 }

在您的代码中

    String cloud_url="https://www.google.com";
    HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
        if(cloud_url.toLowerCase().contains("https://")){
            KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
            trustStore.load(null, null);
            SSLSocketFactory sf = new CustomSSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
            sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

            HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
            SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
            registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

            ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
            client= new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
        }


        HttpGet request= new HttpGet( );
        request.setURI(new URI( cloud_url));
        HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

也适用于 HttpPost。

Answer 6

如果你不告诉我们错误是什么，很难确定。

但是，如果您在 UI 线程上运行此程序，并且 Web 服务器的响应时间超过几秒钟，您将收到来自系统的 Application Not Responding 警告。确保在单独的线程上进行任何网络传输。