【发布时间】:2014-03-29 14:43:11
【问题描述】:
我为我的链表菜单添加了一个“搜索”功能,但我不知道我的代码有什么问题。当我输入一个不在列表中的搜索关键字时,程序将停止打印,而不是打印“搜索关键字:%s Not Found!”。如何解决?关于如何改进我的程序有什么建议吗?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct list
{
char name[20];
int age;
char gender[10];
struct list *next;
};
void main(void)
{
struct list *HEAD = NULL;
struct list *temp,*current, *trav;
struct list *prev,*temp1,*temp2;
char choice;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("MENU\n");
printf("A) ADD\n");
printf("B) DISPLAY\n");
printf("C) DELETE\n");
printf("D) SEARCH\n");
printf("X) EXIT\n");
scanf("%c", &choice);
switch(toupper(choice))
{
case 'A':
temp= (struct list*)malloc(sizeof(struct list));
temp->next=NULL;
printf("Fill-Up the following:\n");
printf("Name:");
fflush(stdin);
gets(temp->name);
printf("Age:");
fflush(stdin);
scanf("%d",&temp->age);
printf("Gender:");
fflush(stdin);
gets(temp->gender);
if(HEAD == NULL)
{
HEAD = temp;
}
else if(HEAD!=NULL)
{
for(trav=HEAD; trav->next != NULL; trav= trav->next);
trav->next=temp;
}
else
{
printf("Not Enough Memory!\n");
}
break;
case 'B':
if(HEAD==NULL)
{
printf("Linked List is Empty!\n");
getch();
}
else{
for(trav=HEAD; trav != NULL; trav=trav->next )
{
printf("\nName: %s\n", trav->name);
printf("Age: %d\n", trav->age);
printf("Gender: %s\n\n", trav->gender);
}
getch();
}
break;
case 'C' :
temp1=( struct list*)malloc(sizeof(struct list));
temp1->next=NULL;
if(HEAD==NULL)
{
printf("No item to be delete. List is Empty!\n");
getch();
}
else {
printf("Enter The Name of the item you want to Delete: ");
fflush(stdin);
gets(temp1->name);
current=HEAD;
if(strcmp(temp1->name,current->name)== 0)
{
HEAD=HEAD->next;
free(current);
printf("Item has been successfully deleted from the list.\n");
getch();
}
else
{
for(prev=HEAD,trav=HEAD->next; strcmp(trav->name,temp1->name) == 1 ; trav=trav->next,prev=prev->next);
if(trav==NULL)
{
printf("Name: %s not found!", temp1->name);
getch();
}
else{
prev->next=trav->next;
free(trav);
printf("Item has been successfully deleted from the list.\n");
getch();
}
}
}
break;
case 'D':
temp2=( struct list*)malloc(sizeof(struct list));
temp2->next=NULL;
if(HEAD==NULL)
{
printf("No item to search. List is Empty.\n");
getch();
}
else{
printf("Enter Name (Search Key): ");
fflush(stdin);
gets(temp2->name);
int count=0;
struct list *trav2=HEAD;
while( trav2 !=NULL)
{
for(struct list *trav1=trav2; strcmp(trav1->name,temp2->name)!=0;trav1=trav1->next);
if(trav1!=NULL)
{
printf("\nName: %s\n", trav1->name);
printf("Age: %d\n", trav1->age);
printf("Gender: %s\n",trav1->gender);
trav2=trav1->next;
count++;
}
else {
trav2=NULL;
}
}
getch();
if(count==0)
{
printf("Search Key: %s Not Found!\n", temp2->name);
getch();
}
}
break;
case 'X':
if(HEAD!=NULL){free(HEAD); }
if(trav!=NULL){ free(trav); }
if(trav1!=NULL){ free(trav1); }
if(trav2!=NULL){ free(trav2); }
if(temp!=NULL){ free(temp); }
if(temp1!=NULL){ free(temp1); }
exit(1);
break;
}
}
}
【问题讨论】:
-
构建调试版本,并在调试器中运行。调试器将停在崩溃的位置(很可能是),并允许您检查并向上遍历函数调用堆栈,以及检查变量的值。
-
代码太长,无法阅读。不过,我敢打赌,您忘记了
gets命令使您的搜索字符串以返回结尾。 -
另请注意,技术上
fflush(stdin)是未定义的。有些系统确实允许它作为扩展。 -
对不起,我是编程新手。
-
主要建议:将您的程序拆分为独立的函数。单个函数中的代码太多了。你的内存释放代码在我看来很可疑;没有什么会遍历整个链表并依次释放每个节点。
标签: c search linked-list dynamic-allocation