如何在运行时更改函数参数？

Question

我是初学者，使用 Python 2.7。我想让定义参数可变，这样我就可以动态控制暂停和字符串输出。这可能吗？我读过一些线程的东西，但似乎更多的是同时执行两个任务。我希望在运行时两个任务之间进行通信。

    def writeAndPause(stringToWrite,pauseSeconds)
        while True:
            print stringToWrite
            sleep(pauseSeconds)

非常感谢任何解决方案或文档链接。谢谢你的时间！ /卡尔

Answer 1

线程用于同时工作。我想如果你只是重新设计你的代码，你就会得到你想要的效果。考虑从您的函数中删除 while 子句并将其放在外面：

def writeAndPause(stringToWrite,pauseSeconds)
    print stringToWrite
    sleep(pauseSeconds)

你在某个地方调用这个函数：

while True:
    stringToWrite, pauseSeconds = gatherSomeInformation()
    writeAndPause(stringToWrite, pauseSeconds)

Answer 2

@Constantinius 是对的：答案几乎可以肯定是重新设计你的代码，这样你就不需要做一些深奥的事情了。

我将描述另一种纯粹为了好玩的方式。如果您真的想将 while 循环保留在函数中，可以使用 Yield Expression

例如：

def writeAndPause():
    while True:
        stringToWrite, pauseSeconds = yield
        print stringToWrite
        sleep(pauseSeconds)

这可以通过以下方式使用：

# create the generator
writer = writeAndPause()
# start the generator
writer.next()
# resume execution and send new values into generator
writer.send(('start string', 10))
'start string'
# resume execution and send another set of new values into generator
writer.send(('new string', 20))
'new string'

既然你已经看到了，那就忘掉它，照@Constantinius 所说的去做吧。

Answer 3

这对你有帮助吗？

它利用了默认参数定义的特性以及列表不是变量而是引用集合这一事实，在我的代码中只有一个（简短地说）

from time import sleep,time

stringToWrite = [None]
pauseSeconds = [0]

def writeAndPause(stw = stringToWrite, pz = pauseSeconds, keep = [time()]):
        if stw[0]:
            print stw[0]
        else:
            print 'START'
        print '  having waited ',time()-keep[0],'seconds,    must wait',pz[0],'seconds'
        keep[0] = time()
        sleep(pz[0])


writeAndPause()


for a,b in (('first',1),('second',2.05),('third',3.4),('fourth',0.88),
            ('BANANA',0.2),('APPLE',1.5),
            ('PEAR',0.77),('CHERRY',4),
            ('ORANGE',0.1),('NUT',6),
            ('APRICOT',0.56),('PLUM',2.5)):

    stringToWrite[0] = a
    pauseSeconds[0] = b
    writeAndPause()

结果

START
  having waited  0.0310001373291 seconds,    must wait 0 seconds
first
  having waited  0.0320000648499 seconds,    must wait 1 seconds
second
  having waited  1.01600003242 seconds,    must wait 2.05 seconds
third
  having waited  2.15600013733 seconds,    must wait 3.4 seconds
fourth
  having waited  3.42100000381 seconds,    must wait 0.88 seconds
BANANA
  having waited  0.905999898911 seconds,    must wait 0.2 seconds
APPLE
  having waited  0.266000032425 seconds,    must wait 1.5 seconds
PEAR
  having waited  1.51499986649 seconds,    must wait 0.77 seconds
CHERRY
  having waited  0.796999931335 seconds,    must wait 4 seconds
ORANGE
  having waited  4.03200006485 seconds,    must wait 0.1 seconds
NUT
  having waited  0.140000104904 seconds,    must wait 6 seconds
APRICOT
  having waited  6.03099989891 seconds,    must wait 0.56 seconds
PLUM
  having waited  0.765000104904 seconds,    must wait 2.5 seconds