将 Matplotlib 图另存为 TIFF

Question

有谁知道如何将 Matplotlib 图形保存为 *.tiff？ Python似乎不支持这种格式，而期刊经常要求这种格式。

我正在添加一些最少的代码：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# fig setup
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5), dpi=300)
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_xlim([-1,1])
ax.set_ylim([-1,1])
ax.set_zlim([-1,1])
ax.axes.xaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.zaxis.set_ticklabels([])

# draw a surface
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(range(-1,2), range(-1,2))
zz = np.zeros(shape=(3,3))
ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, zz, color='#c8c8c8', alpha=0.3)
ax.plot_surface(xx, zz, yy, color='#b6b6ff', alpha=0.2)

# draw a point
ax.scatter([0],[0],[0], color='b', s=200)

这行得通：

fig.savefig('3dPlot.pdf')

但这不是：

fig.savefig('3dPlot.tif')

Answer 1

作为一种解决方法，没有什么可以阻止您使用 Python PIL 包将图像保存为 TIFF 格式：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

from PIL import Image
import io

# fig setup
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5), dpi=300)
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_xlim([-1,1])
ax.set_ylim([-1,1])
ax.set_zlim([-1,1])
ax.axes.xaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.zaxis.set_ticklabels([])

# draw a surface
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(range(-1,2), range(-1,2))
zz = np.zeros(shape=(3,3))
ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, zz, color='#c8c8c8', alpha=0.3)
ax.plot_surface(xx, zz, yy, color='#b6b6ff', alpha=0.2)

# draw a point
ax.scatter([0],[0],[0], color='b', s=200)

#fig.savefig('3dPlot.pdf')

# Save the image in memory in PNG format
png1 = io.BytesIO()
fig.savefig(png1, format="png")

# Load this image into PIL
png2 = Image.open(png1)

# Save as TIFF
png2.save("3dPlot.tiff")
png1.close()

---

如果使用的是 Python 2.x，请使用 cStringIO 而不是 BytesIO，如下所示：

import cStringIO

# Replace the BytesIO() call with
png1 = cStringIO.StringIO()

Answer 2

这太棒了！谢谢Martin Evans。 但是，对于那些想在Python3.x 中实现它的人，小修复（因为cStringIO 模块不可用；我宁愿使用BytesIO）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO

# fig setup
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5), dpi=300)
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_xlim([-1,1])
ax.set_ylim([-1,1])
ax.set_zlim([-1,1])
ax.axes.xaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.zaxis.set_ticklabels([])

# draw a point
ax.scatter([0],[0],[0], color='b', s=200)

# save figure
# (1) save the image in memory in PNG format
png1 = BytesIO()
fig.savefig(png1, format='png')

# (2) load this image into PIL
png2 = Image.open(png1)

# (3) save as TIFF
png2.save('3dPlot.tiff')
png1.close()

Answer 3

Matplotlib does support tif since version 1.1 但支持是可选的，并不明显。只要您安装了pillow，就可以像保存到任何其他格式一样保存到 tif。因此，您的示例将是：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import PIL # not necessary but mustn't fail

# fig setup
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5), dpi=300)
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.set_xlim([-1,1])
ax.set_ylim([-1,1])
ax.set_zlim([-1,1])
ax.axes.xaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.yaxis.set_ticklabels([])
ax.axes.zaxis.set_ticklabels([])

# draw a surface
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(range(-1,2), range(-1,2))
zz = np.zeros(shape=(3,3))
ax.plot_surface(xx, yy, zz, color='#c8c8c8', alpha=0.3)
ax.plot_surface(xx, zz, yy, color='#b6b6ff', alpha=0.2)

# draw a point
ax.scatter([0],[0],[0], color='b', s=200)

fig.savefig('3dPlot.tif')

Answer 4

您所要做的就是安装 Pillow 。 然后你可以使用这个：

fig.savefig('3dPlot.tiff')