静态成员约束中不考虑扩展方法(this 的可能重复项),当您想要使用成员约束实现泛型代码并使其也适用于已定义或原始类型时,这是一个普遍的问题。
请参阅user voice 请求,以及提到的解决方法here 和Don Syme's explanation of why it's complicated to implement it in the F# compiler。
如果您点击那里的链接,您将看到目前的解决方法,它基本上涉及为所有已知类型创建一个中间类型和重载,并为扩展创建一个通用类型。
这是一个非常基本的解决方法的示例:
type Foo = Foo with
static member ($) (Foo, this:int) = fun (n:int) -> this + n
static member ($) (Foo, this:string) = fun n -> this + "!" + n
static member ($) (Foo, this:bool) = fun n -> sprintf "%A!%A" this n
let inline foo this n = (Foo $ this) n
//Now you can create your own types with its implementation of ($) Foo.
type MyType() =
static member ($) (Foo, this) =
fun n -> printfn "You called foo on MyType with n = %A" n; MyType()
let x = foo "hello" "world"
let y = foo true "world"
let z = foo (MyType()) "world"
您可以通过为新类型添加显式泛型重载来增强它:
// define the extensions
type System.String with
member this.foo n = this + "!" + n
type System.Boolean with
member this.foo n = sprintf "%A!%A" this n
// Once finished with the extensions put them in a class
// where the first overload should be the generic version.
type Foo = Foo with
static member inline ($) (Foo, this) = fun n -> (^T : (member foo : ^N -> ^S) this, n)
static member ($) (Foo, this:string) = fun n -> this.foo n
static member ($) (Foo, this:bool) = fun n -> this.foo n
// Add other overloads
static member ($) (Foo, this:int) = fun n -> this + n
let inline foo this n = (Foo $ this) n
//later you can define any type with foo
type MyType() =
member this.foo n = printfn "You called foo on MyType with n = %A" n; MyType()
// and everything will work
let x = foo "hello" "world"
let y = foo true "world"
let z = foo (MyType()) "world"
您可以通过手动编写静态约束并使用成员而不是运算符来进一步完善它(参见示例here),
在一天结束时,您将得到类似来自 FsControl 的 generic append 函数。