Spring MVC HTTP 错误 500：Servlet 通知的 Servlet.init() 引发异常

Question

我正在尝试运行一个简单的 Spring MVC 项目。

它基本上应该从 WEB-INF 运行一个 .jsp 文件并显示“Hello World！”正如教程所建议的那样。当我运行项目时，它显示：

HTTP 状态 500 - 用于 servlet 通知的 Servlet.init() 引发异常

这是错误页面包含的内容：

输入异常报告

用于 servlet 通知的消息 Servlet.init() 引发异常

描述服务器遇到阻止它的内部错误 完成此请求。

异常

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() 用于 servlet 通知 抛出异常 org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501) org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:610) org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service（CoyoteAdapter.java:537） org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1085) org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:658) org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:222) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1556) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1513) java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker（未知来源） java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run（未知来源） org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) 根本原因

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException 从 ServletContext 资源解析 XML 文档 [/WEB-INF/notices-servlet.xml];嵌套异常是 java.io.FileNotFoundException：无法打开 ServletContext 资源 [/WEB-INF/notices-servlet.xml] org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:341) org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302) org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174) org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209) org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180) org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125) org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94) org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:130) org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537) org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:451) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:651) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:599) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:665) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:518) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:459) org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136) javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158) org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501) org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:610) org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service（CoyoteAdapter.java:537） org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1085) org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:658) org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:222) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1556) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1513) java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker（未知来源） java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run（未知来源） org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) 根本原因

java.io.FileNotFoundException: 无法打开 ServletContext 资源 [/WEB-INF/notices-servlet.xml] org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextResource.getInputStream(ServletContextResource.java:140) org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:328) org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302) org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174) org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209) org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180) org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125) org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94) org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:130) org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537) org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:451) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:651) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:599) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:665) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:518) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:459) org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136) javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158) org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:501) org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:610) org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service（CoyoteAdapter.java:537） org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1085) org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:658) org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11NioProtocol.java:222) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1556) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1513) java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker（未知来源） java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run（未知来源） org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) java.lang.Thread.run(未知来源)

这是我的 web.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>WebMVC</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <description></description>
    <display-name>notices</display-name>
    <servlet-name>notices</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>notices</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

这是 notices-servlet.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>

这里是 HelloWorld.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    Hello World!
</body>

我已经尝试了几乎所有 Spring MVC HTTP 错误 500 解决方案。但他们并没有解决我遇到的错误。是什么导致了错误，我该如何解决？

Answer 1

我猜问题出在 notices-servlet.xml 文件上。检查 ServletContext 资源的“WEB-INF”文件夹。将 notices-servlet.xml 放入“WEB-INF”文件夹后，再次尝试运行该项目。希望可以！

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