Qisikit 量子隐形传输电路的状态向量

Question

from qiskit.quantum_info import random_statevector, Statevector
from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, QuantumRegister, ClassicalRegister
from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_bloch_multivector, array_to_latex
from qiskit.extensions import Initialize
from qiskit.ignis.verification import marginal_counts
from qiskit import Aer

qr = QuantumRegister(3, name="q")
teleportation_circ = QuantumCircuit(qr)

psi = random_statevector(2)
init_gate = Initialize(psi)

teleportation_circ.append(init_gate, [0])

teleportation_circ.h(1)

teleportation_circ.cx(1,2)

teleportation_circ.barrier()

teleportation_circ.cx(0,1)

teleportation_circ.h(0)

backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator')

job = backend.run(teleportation_circ)
result = job.result()

outputstate = result.get_statevector(teleportation_circ, decimals=3)
ouptutpsi = Statevector(outputstate, dims=(2, 2, 2))
print(ouptutpsi.to_dict())
teleportation_circ.draw('mpl')

My Capture Result

我期望的是 1/2 ( α |000> + α |011> + α |100> + α |111> + β |010> + β|001> - β|110> - β|101> ）。但它似乎给 我的另一个依据？我想知道哪里出错了！

Answer 1

这是小端（由 Qiskit 使用）和大端（您将在大多数文献中看到的常用方式，以及我想您如何阅读结果）之间的区别。如果需要，请检查此答案：https://quantumcomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/8244/big-endian-vs-little-endian-in-qiskit。

总而言之，小端表示法将最高有效位写入位串的左侧，这意味着您将写入一个量子位 |q_n, q_{n-1}, ..., q_1, q_0>奇斯基特。请注意，如果您使用此约定，那么您将得到正确的结果！