如何等待第二个窗口完全加载

Question

我从父窗口单击一个按钮，它会在新（子）窗口中加载一个查看器，然后我在第二个窗口中执行一些操作。在加载我的第二个窗口本身之前，脚本会尝试执行一些操作，但它失败了。如果我输入Thred.sleep，它就会成功。但我不想使用thread.sleep。我们有什么办法可以等待 SECOND/CHILD 窗口完全加载其页面。这里我的第二个窗口（浏览器）是一种 PDF 类型的查看器。下面是我试过的代码。

WebElement row = ele.findElement(By.cssSelector("tr[data-ri=\"0\"]"));
row.findElement(By.className("ui-selection-column")).click();
browser.findElement(By.id("frmResults:btnViewer")).click();

Thread.sleep(5000);

Set<String> AllWindowHandles = browser.getWindowHandles();
String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0];
scenario.write("Currently in Parent Window = "+ AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0]);
scenario.write(browser.getCurrentUrl());
scenario.write(browser.getTitle());

String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]; // out of bounds error thrown here

scenario.write("Switching to Child (Viewer) window = "+ AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]);
browser.switchTo().window(window2);
scenario.write(browser.getCurrentUrl());
scenario.write(browser.getTitle());
WebElement viewer = browser.findElement(By.id("outerDiv"));
assertThat(viewer.isDisplayed()).isTrue();
//browser.close();

scenario.write("Again Switching back to Parent window = "+ AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0]);
browser.switchTo().window(window1);
scenario.write(browser.getCurrentUrl());
scenario.write(browser.getTitle());

更新

当我尝试在这一行获取子窗口编号时出现错误。

String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1];

错误：

java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 1
        at Steps.Steps.verify_the_test_records_are_displayed_in_the_results_table_in_Search_Results_page(Steps.java:115)
        at ?.Then Verify the test records are displayed in the results table in Search Results page(Test.feature:10)

[ERROR] Tests run: 1, Failures: 1, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 30.552 s <<< FAILURE! - in Runner.TestRunner
[ERROR] feature(Runner.TestRunner)  Time elapsed: 29.389 s  <<< FAILURE!
cucumber.runtime.CucumberException: java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 1
Caused by: java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 1

Answer 1

除了thread.sleep()，您可以使用ExpectedConditions 类在number of expected windows 上添加有针对性的显式等待：

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.numberOfWindowsToBe;
// we need the above using statements to use WebDriverWait and ExpectedConditions

// first wait for number of windows to be 2:
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(browser, 10);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfWindowsToBe(2)));

// switch to a new window
String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1];
scenario.write("Switching to Child (Viewer) window = "+ AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]);
browser.switchTo().window(window2);

// wait on some element on the page to be fully loaded
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("outerDiv")));

ExpectedConditions 应该在调用 String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1]; 之前等待 2 个窗口存在——这应该确保 browser.getWindowHandles() 在尝试切换到第二个窗口之前返回 2。