使用洪水填充在 UIImage 中填充颜色时出错

Question

感谢 Chintan R Dave 的 :- UIImageScanlineFloodfill

我正在使用以下 UIImage 类别在闭合轮廓中填充颜色。它使用扫描线洪水填充算法。

它适用于不是从设备捕获的图像。对于从设备捕获的图像，它会给我 EXC_BAD_ACCESS 错误（如问题末尾给出的屏幕截图所示）。大家都知道这种类型的错误真的很难解决。所以我非常感谢一些关于从哪里开始解决问题的建议。

代码如下：-

UIImage+FloodFill.m

@implementation UIImage (FloodFill)
/*
    startPoint : Point from where you want to color. Generaly this is touch point.
                 This is important because color at start point will be replaced with other.

    newColor   : This color will be apply at point where the match on startPoint color found.

    tolerance  : If Tolerance is 0 than it will search for exact match of color 
                 other wise it will take range according to tolerance value.

                 If You dont want to use tolerance and want to incress performance Than you can change
                 compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance) with just ocolor==color which reduse function call.
*/
- (UIImage *) floodFillFromPoint:(CGPoint)startPoint withColor:(UIColor *)newColor andTolerance:(int)tolerance
{
    return [self floodFillFromPoint:startPoint withColor:newColor andTolerance:tolerance useAntiAlias:YES];
}

- (UIImage *) floodFillFromPoint:(CGPoint)startPoint withColor:(UIColor *)newColor andTolerance:(int)tolerance useAntiAlias:(BOOL)antiAlias
{
    @try
    {
        /*
            First We create rowData from UIImage.
            We require this conversation so that we can use detail at pixel like color at pixel.
        */

        CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();

        CGImageRef imageRef = [self CGImage];

        NSUInteger width = CGImageGetWidth(imageRef);
        NSUInteger height = CGImageGetHeight(imageRef);

        unsigned char *imageData = malloc(height * width * 4);

        NSUInteger bytesPerPixel = CGImageGetBitsPerPixel(imageRef) / 8;
        NSUInteger bytesPerRow = CGImageGetBytesPerRow(imageRef);
        NSUInteger bitsPerComponent = CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(imageRef);

        CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo = CGImageGetBitmapInfo(imageRef);
        if (kCGImageAlphaLast == (uint32_t)bitmapInfo || kCGImageAlphaFirst == (uint32_t)bitmapInfo) {
            bitmapInfo = (uint32_t)kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast;
        }

        CGContextRef context = CGBitmapContextCreate(imageData,
                                                     width,
                                                     height,
                                                     bitsPerComponent,
                                                     bytesPerRow,
                                                     colorSpace,
                                                     bitmapInfo);
        CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);

        CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imageRef);

        //Get color at start point 
        unsigned int byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(startPoint.y)) + roundf(startPoint.x) * bytesPerPixel;

        unsigned int ocolor = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

        if (compareColor(ocolor, 0, 0)) {
            return nil;
        }

        //Convert newColor to RGBA value so we can save it to image.
        int newRed, newGreen, newBlue, newAlpha;

        const CGFloat *components = CGColorGetComponents(newColor.CGColor);


        if(CGColorGetNumberOfComponents(newColor.CGColor) == 2)
        {
            newRed   = newGreen = newBlue = components[0] * 255;
            newAlpha = components[1] * 255;
        }
        else if (CGColorGetNumberOfComponents(newColor.CGColor) == 4)
        {
            if ((bitmapInfo&kCGBitmapByteOrderMask) == kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little)
            {
                newRed   = components[2] * 255;
                newGreen = components[1] * 255;
                newBlue  = components[0] * 255;
                newAlpha = 255;
            }
            else
            {
                newRed   = components[0] * 255;
                newGreen = components[1] * 255;
                newBlue  = components[2] * 255;
                newAlpha = 255;
            }
        }

        unsigned int ncolor = (newRed << 24) | (newGreen << 16) | (newBlue << 8) | newAlpha;

        /*
            We are using stack to store point.
            Stack is implemented by LinkList.
            To incress speed I have used NSMutableData insted of NSMutableArray.
        */

        LinkedListStack *points = [[LinkedListStack alloc] initWithCapacity:500 incrementSize:500 andMultiplier:height];
        LinkedListStack *antiAliasingPoints = [[LinkedListStack alloc] initWithCapacity:500 incrementSize:500 andMultiplier:height];

        int x = roundf(startPoint.x);
        int y = roundf(startPoint.y);

        [points pushFrontX:x andY:y];

        /*
            Scanline Floodfill Algorithm With Stack (floodFillScanlineStack)
        */

        unsigned int color;
        BOOL spanLeft,spanRight;

        while ([points popFront:&x andY:&y] != INVALID_NODE_CONTENT)
        {
            byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;

            color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

            while(y >= 0 && compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance))
            {
                y--;

                if(y >= 0)
                {
                    byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;

                    color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);
                }
            }

            // Add the top most point on the antialiasing list
            if(y >= 0 && !compareColor(ocolor, color, 0))
            {
                [antiAliasingPoints pushFrontX:x andY:y];
            }

            y++;

            spanLeft = spanRight = NO;

            byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;

            color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

            while (y < height && compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance) && ncolor != color)
            {
                //Change old color with newColor RGBA value

                imageData[byteIndex + 0] = newRed;
                imageData[byteIndex + 1] = newGreen;
                imageData[byteIndex + 2] = newBlue;
                imageData[byteIndex + 3] = newAlpha;

                if(x > 0)
                {
                    byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x - 1) * bytesPerPixel;

                    color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                    if(!spanLeft && x > 0 && compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance))
                    {
                        [points pushFrontX:(x - 1) andY:y];

                        spanLeft = YES;
                    }
                    else if(spanLeft && x > 0 && !compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance))
                    {
                        spanLeft = NO;
                    }

                    // we can't go left. Add the point on the antialiasing list
                    if(!spanLeft && x > 0 && !compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance) && !compareColor(ncolor, color, tolerance))
                    {
                        [antiAliasingPoints pushFrontX:(x - 1) andY:y];
                    }
                }

                if(x < width - 1)
                {
                    byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x + 1) * bytesPerPixel;;

                    color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                    if(!spanRight && compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance))
                    {
                        [points pushFrontX:(x + 1) andY:y];

                        spanRight = YES;
                    }
                    else if(spanRight && !compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance))
                    {
                        spanRight = NO;
                    }

                    // we can't go right. Add the point on the antialiasing list
                    if(!spanRight && !compareColor(ocolor, color, tolerance) && !compareColor(ncolor, color, tolerance))
                    {
                        [antiAliasingPoints pushFrontX:(x + 1) andY:y];
                    }
                }

                y++;

                if(y < height)
                {
                    byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;

                    color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);
                }
            }

            if (y<height)
            {
                byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;
                color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                // Add the bottom point on the antialiasing list
                if (!compareColor(ocolor, color, 0))
                    [antiAliasingPoints pushFrontX:x andY:y];
            }
        }

        // For each point marked
        // perform antialiasing on the same pixel, plus the top,left,bottom and right pixel
        unsigned int antialiasColor = getColorCodeFromUIColor(newColor,bitmapInfo&kCGBitmapByteOrderMask );
        int red1   = ((0xff000000 & antialiasColor) >> 24);
        int green1 = ((0x00ff0000 & antialiasColor) >> 16);
        int blue1  = ((0x0000ff00 & antialiasColor) >> 8);
        int alpha1 =  (0x000000ff & antialiasColor);

        while ([antiAliasingPoints popFront:&x andY:&y] != INVALID_NODE_CONTENT)
        {
            byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;
            color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

            if (!compareColor(ncolor, color, 0))
            {
                int red2   = ((0xff000000 & color) >> 24);
                int green2 = ((0x00ff0000 & color) >> 16);
                int blue2 = ((0x0000ff00 & color) >> 8);
                int alpha2 =  (0x000000ff & color);

                if (antiAlias) {
                    imageData[byteIndex + 0] = (red1 + red2) / 2;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 1] = (green1 + green2) / 2;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 2] = (blue1 + blue2) / 2;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 3] = (alpha1 + alpha2) / 2;
                } else {
                    imageData[byteIndex + 0] = red2;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 1] = green2;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 2] = blue2;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 3] = alpha2;
                }

#if DEBUG_ANTIALIASING
                imageData[byteIndex + 0] = 0;
                imageData[byteIndex + 1] = 0;
                imageData[byteIndex + 2] = 255;
                imageData[byteIndex + 3] = 255;
#endif
            }

            // left
            if (x>0)
            {
                byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x - 1) * bytesPerPixel;
                color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                if (!compareColor(ncolor, color, 0))
                {
                    int red2   = ((0xff000000 & color) >> 24);
                    int green2 = ((0x00ff0000 & color) >> 16);
                    int blue2 = ((0x0000ff00 & color) >> 8);
                    int alpha2 =  (0x000000ff & color);

                    if (antiAlias) {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = (red1 + red2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = (green1 + green2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = (blue1 + blue2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = (alpha1 + alpha2) / 2;
                    } else {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = red2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = green2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = blue2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = alpha2;
                    }

#if DEBUG_ANTIALIASING
                    imageData[byteIndex + 0] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 1] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 2] = 255;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 3] = 255;
#endif
                }
            }
            if (x<width)
            {
                byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y)) + roundf(x + 1) * bytesPerPixel;
                color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                if (!compareColor(ncolor, color, 0))
                {
                    int red2   = ((0xff000000 & color) >> 24);
                    int green2 = ((0x00ff0000 & color) >> 16);
                    int blue2 = ((0x0000ff00 & color) >> 8);
                    int alpha2 =  (0x000000ff & color);

                    if (antiAlias) {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = (red1 + red2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = (green1 + green2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = (blue1 + blue2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = (alpha1 + alpha2) / 2;
                    } else {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = red2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = green2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = blue2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = alpha2;
                    }

#if DEBUG_ANTIALIASING
                    imageData[byteIndex + 0] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 1] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 2] = 255;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 3] = 255;
#endif
                }

            }

            if (y>0)
            {
                byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y - 1)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;
                color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                if (!compareColor(ncolor, color, 0))
                {
                    int red2   = ((0xff000000 & color) >> 24);
                    int green2 = ((0x00ff0000 & color) >> 16);
                    int blue2 = ((0x0000ff00 & color) >> 8);
                    int alpha2 =  (0x000000ff & color);

                    if (antiAlias) {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = (red1 + red2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = (green1 + green2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = (blue1 + blue2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = (alpha1 + alpha2) / 2;
                    } else {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = red2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = green2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = blue2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = alpha2;
                    }

#if DEBUG_ANTIALIASING
                    imageData[byteIndex + 0] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 1] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 2] = 255;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 3] = 255;
#endif
                }
            }

            if (y<height)
            {
                byteIndex = (bytesPerRow * roundf(y + 1)) + roundf(x) * bytesPerPixel;
                color = getColorCode(byteIndex, imageData);

                if (!compareColor(ncolor, color, 0))
                {
                    int red2   = ((0xff000000 & color) >> 24);
                    int green2 = ((0x00ff0000 & color) >> 16);
                    int blue2 = ((0x0000ff00 & color) >> 8);
                    int alpha2 =  (0x000000ff & color);

                    if (antiAlias) {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = (red1 + red2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = (green1 + green2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = (blue1 + blue2) / 2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = (alpha1 + alpha2) / 2;
                    } else {
                        imageData[byteIndex + 0] = red2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 1] = green2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 2] = blue2;
                        imageData[byteIndex + 3] = alpha2;
                    }

#if DEBUG_ANTIALIASING
                    imageData[byteIndex + 0] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 1] = 0;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 2] = 255;
                    imageData[byteIndex + 3] = 255;
#endif
                }

            }
        }

        //Convert Flood filled image row data back to UIImage object.

        CGImageRef newCGImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(context);

        UIImage *result = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newCGImage scale:[self scale] orientation:UIImageOrientationUp];

        CGImageRelease(newCGImage);

        CGContextRelease(context);

        free(imageData);

        return result;
    }
    @catch (NSException *exception)
    {
        NSLog(@"Exception : %@", exception);
    }
}

/*
    I have used pure C function because it is said than C function is faster than Objective - C method in call.
    This two function are called most of time so it require that calling this work in speed.
    I have not verified this performance so I like to here comment on this.
*/
/*
    This function extract color from image and convert it to integer represent.
    Converting to integer make comperation easy.
*/
unsigned int getColorCode (unsigned int byteIndex, unsigned char *imageData)
{
    unsigned int red   = imageData[byteIndex];
    unsigned int green = imageData[byteIndex + 1];
    unsigned int blue  = imageData[byteIndex + 2];
    unsigned int alpha = imageData[byteIndex + 3];

    return (red << 24) | (green << 16) | (blue << 8) | alpha;
}

/*
    This function compare two color with counting tolerance value.

    If color is between tolerance rancge than it return true other wise false.
*/
bool compareColor (unsigned int color1, unsigned int color2, int tolorance)
{
    if(color1 == color2)
        return true;

    int red1   = ((0xff000000 & color1) >> 24);
    int green1 = ((0x00ff0000 & color1) >> 16);
    int blue1  = ((0x0000ff00 & color1) >> 8);
    int alpha1 =  (0x000000ff & color1);

    int red2   = ((0xff000000 & color2) >> 24);
    int green2 = ((0x00ff0000 & color2) >> 16);
    int blue2  = ((0x0000ff00 & color2) >> 8);
    int alpha2 =  (0x000000ff & color2);

    int diffRed   = abs(red2   - red1);
    int diffGreen = abs(green2 - green1);
    int diffBlue  = abs(blue2  - blue1);
    int diffAlpha = abs(alpha2 - alpha1);

    if( diffRed   > tolorance ||
        diffGreen > tolorance ||
        diffBlue  > tolorance ||
        diffAlpha > tolorance  )
    {
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

unsigned int getColorCodeFromUIColor(UIColor *color, CGBitmapInfo orderMask)
{
    //Convert newColor to RGBA value so we can save it to image.
    int newRed, newGreen, newBlue, newAlpha;

    const CGFloat *components = CGColorGetComponents(color.CGColor);

    if(CGColorGetNumberOfComponents(color.CGColor) == 2)
    {
        newRed   = newGreen = newBlue = components[0] * 255;
        newAlpha = components[1] * 255;
    }
    else if (CGColorGetNumberOfComponents(color.CGColor) == 4)
    {
        if (orderMask == kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little)
        {
            newRed   = components[2] * 255;
            newGreen = components[1] * 255;
            newBlue  = components[0] * 255;
            newAlpha = 255;
        }
        else
        {
            newRed   = components[0] * 255;
            newGreen = components[1] * 255;
            newBlue  = components[2] * 255;
            newAlpha = 255;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        newRed   = newGreen = newBlue = 0;
        newAlpha = 255;
    }

    unsigned int ncolor = (newRed << 24) | (newGreen << 16) | (newBlue << 8) | newAlpha;

    return ncolor;
}

@end

LinkedListStack.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#define FINAL_NODE_OFFSET -1
#define INVALID_NODE_CONTENT INT_MIN
typedef struct PointNode
{
    int nextNodeOffset;

    int point;

} PointNode;

@interface LinkedListStack : NSObject
{
    NSMutableData *nodeCache;

    int freeNodeOffset;
    int topNodeOffset;
    int _cacheSizeIncrements;

    int multiplier;
}

- (id)initWithCapacity:(int)capacity incrementSize:(int)increment andMultiplier:(int)mul;
- (id)initWithCapacity:(int)capacity;

- (void)pushFrontX:(int)x andY:(int)y;
- (int)popFront:(int *)x andY:(int *)y;
@end

LinkedListStack.m

#import "LinkedListStack.h"

@implementation LinkedListStack

#pragma mark - Initialisation
/*
    A linked List is create with size of <capicity>.
    When you add more element that <capicity> than Lisk List is incressed by size <increment>
    mul is value for H (for H see comment Stack methods)
*/
- (id)init
{
    return [self initWithCapacity:500];
}

- (id)initWithCapacity:(int)capacity
{
    return [self initWithCapacity:capacity incrementSize:500 andMultiplier:1000];
}

- (id)initWithCapacity:(int)capacity incrementSize:(int)increment andMultiplier:(int)mul
{
    self = [super init];

    if(self)
    {
        _cacheSizeIncrements = increment;

        int bytesRequired = capacity * sizeof(PointNode);

        nodeCache = [[NSMutableData alloc] initWithLength:bytesRequired];

        [self initialiseNodesAtOffset:0 count:capacity];

        freeNodeOffset = 0;
        topNodeOffset = FINAL_NODE_OFFSET;

        multiplier = mul;
    }

    return self;
}

#pragma mark - Stack methods
/*
    X and Y are converted in single integer value (P) to push in stack.
    And again that value (P) are converted to X and Y when pop by using following equation:

    P = H * X + Y

    X = P / H;
    Y = P % H;

    H is same for all X and Y and must be grater than Y. So generaly Height is prefered value;
*/
- (void)pushFrontX:(int)x andY:(int)y;
{
    int p = multiplier * x + y;

    PointNode *node = [self getNextFreeNode];

    node->point = p;
    node->nextNodeOffset = topNodeOffset;

    topNodeOffset = [self offsetOfNode:node];
}

- (int)popFront:(int *)x andY:(int *)y;
{
    if(topNodeOffset == FINAL_NODE_OFFSET)
    {
        return INVALID_NODE_CONTENT;
    }

    PointNode *node = [self nodeAtOffset:topNodeOffset];

    int thisNodeOffset = topNodeOffset;

    // Remove this node from the queue
    topNodeOffset = node->nextNodeOffset;
    int value = node->point;

    // Reset it and add it to the free node cache
    node->point = 0;
    node->nextNodeOffset = freeNodeOffset;

    freeNodeOffset = thisNodeOffset;

    *x = value / multiplier;
    *y = value % multiplier;

    return value;
}

#pragma mark - utility functions
- (int)offsetOfNode:(PointNode *)node
{
    return node - (PointNode *)nodeCache.mutableBytes;
}

- (PointNode *)nodeAtOffset:(int)offset
{
    return (PointNode *)nodeCache.mutableBytes + offset;
}

- (PointNode *)getNextFreeNode
{
    if(freeNodeOffset < 0)
    {
        // Need to extend the size of the nodeCache
        int currentSize = nodeCache.length / sizeof(PointNode);
        [nodeCache increaseLengthBy:_cacheSizeIncrements * sizeof(PointNode)];

        // Set these new nodes to be the free ones
        [self initialiseNodesAtOffset:currentSize count:_cacheSizeIncrements];
        freeNodeOffset = currentSize;
    }

    PointNode *node = (PointNode*)nodeCache.mutableBytes + freeNodeOffset;
    freeNodeOffset = node->nextNodeOffset;

    return node;
}

- (void)initialiseNodesAtOffset:(int)offset count:(int)count
{
    PointNode *node = (PointNode *)nodeCache.mutableBytes + offset;

    for (int i=0; i<count - 1; i++)
    {
        node->point = 0;
        node->nextNodeOffset = offset + i + 1;
        node++;
    }

    node->point = 0;

    // Set the next node offset to make sure we don't continue
    node->nextNodeOffset = FINAL_NODE_OFFSET;
}

导致错误的代码：-

unsigned int getColorCode (unsigned int byteIndex, unsigned char *imageData)
{
    unsigned int red   = imageData[byteIndex];
    unsigned int green = imageData[byteIndex + 1];
    unsigned int blue  = imageData[byteIndex + 2];
    unsigned int alpha = imageData[byteIndex + 3];

    return (red << 24) | (green << 16) | (blue << 8) | alpha;
}

屏幕截图

给我错误的图像：-

Answer 1

我在 github repo here 的一个未解决问题上解决了这个问题

问题出在 UIImage+Floodfill.m 上，大约在第 60 行，

CGContextDrawImage(context, CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height), imageRef);

大约在第 40 行，该类调用：

CGImageRef imageRef = [self CGImage];

所以我没有以这种方式获取 CGImageRef，而是使用了图像的 NSData：

CGDataProviderRef imgDataProvider = CGDataProviderCreateWithCFData((CFDataRef)UIImagePNGRepresentation(self));

CGImageRef imageRef = CGImageCreateWithPNGDataProvider(imgDataProvider, NULL, true, kCGRenderingIntentDefault);

我将它设为 PNG，因为我使用该库来制作 alpha 泛光填充，而不是纯色填充。只要 CGDataRef 和 CGI​​mageRef 是从相同格式获取的，它就修复了错误访问崩溃。另外，我没有像稍后在代码中那样包含释放保存这些对象的内存，只是想指出这一点。

回答有点晚，但希望这会帮助其他使用该代码的人。

Answer 2

当你调用一个被释放的对象，它的“僵尸”时，就会发生这种情况 您可以按照以下步骤来解决：

1. 在“编辑方案”中启用僵尸对象

2. 配置文件而不是在 Xcode 中正常运行（长按运行按钮）

3. 然后使用其中一种仪器（即[僵尸]）

并记录活动

你可以关注this link，因为我没有太多的声誉可以发布超过两个的链接！