从 Cocoa 发送电子邮件

Question

如何在不使用任何电子邮件客户端的情况下从 Cocoa 应用程序发送电子邮件？我有 NSURL，但它打开了一个电子邮件客户端。我想在不发生这种情况的情况下发送电子邮件。

Answer 1

那些响应是过时的 Mac OS X 10.8 和更多你应该使用 NSSharingService

NSArray *shareItems=@[body,imageA,imageB];
NSSharingService *service = [NSSharingService sharingServiceNamed:NSSharingServiceNameComposeEmail];
service.delegate = self;
service.recipients=@[@"xxx@apple.com"];
service.subject= [ NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@",NSLocalizedString(@"SLYRunner console",nil),currentDate];
[service performWithItems:shareItems];

The sharing service documentation page

Answer 2

更新：正如其他人建议的那样，从 10.9 开始，您也可以使用支持附件的 NSSharingService！

Swift 示例：

    let emailImage          = NSImage.init(named: "ImageToShare")!
    let emailBody           = "Email Body"
    let emailService        =  NSSharingService.init(named: NSSharingServiceNameComposeEmail)!
    emailService.recipients = ["support@myapp.com"]
    emailService.subject    = "App Support"

    if emailService.canPerform(withItems: [emailBody,emailImage]) {
        // email can be sent
        emailService.perform(withItems: [emailBody,emailImage])
    } else {
        // email cannot be sent, perhaps no email client is set up
        // Show alert with email address and instructions

    }

旧更新：我的旧答案运行良好，直到我不得不为 App Store 沙箱化我的应用程序。~~ 从那时起，我发现的唯一解决方案就是使用一个 mailto: 链接。

- (void)sendEmailWithMail:(NSString *) senderAddress Address:(NSString *) toAddress Subject:(NSString *) subject Body:(NSString *) bodyText {
    NSString *mailtoAddress = [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"mailto:%@?Subject=%@&body=%@",toAddress,subject,bodyText] stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@"%20"];
    [[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:mailtoAddress]];
    NSLog(@"Mailto:%@",mailtoAddress);
}

缺点：没有附件！如果你知道如何让它在 Mac 上运行，请告诉我！

旧答案： 您可以使用 Apple Script、Apple 的脚本桥接框架（解决方案 2）或 Python 脚本（解决方案 3）

解决方案 1（Apple 脚本）：

attachments 是一个包含文件路径的字符串数组

- (void)sendEmailWithMail:(NSString *) toAddress withSubject:(NSString *) subject Attachments:(NSArray *) attachments { 
NSString *bodyText = @"Your body text \n\r";    
NSString *emailString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"\
                         tell application \"Mail\"\n\
                         set newMessage to make new outgoing message with properties {subject:\"%@\", content:\"%@\" & return} \n\
                         tell newMessage\n\
                         set visible to false\n\
                         set sender to \"%@\"\n\
                         make new to recipient at end of to recipients with properties {name:\"%@\", address:\"%@\"}\n\
                         tell content\n\
                         ",subject, bodyText, @"McAlarm alert", @"McAlarm User", toAddress ];

//add attachments to script
for (NSString *alarmPhoto in attachments) {
    emailString = [emailString stringByAppendingFormat:@"make new attachment with properties {file name:\"%@\"} at after the last paragraph\n\
                   ",alarmPhoto];

}
//finish script
emailString = [emailString stringByAppendingFormat:@"\
               end tell\n\
               send\n\
               end tell\n\
               end tell"];



//NSLog(@"%@",emailString);
NSAppleScript *emailScript = [[NSAppleScript alloc] initWithSource:emailString];
[emailScript executeAndReturnError:nil];
[emailScript release];

/* send the message */
NSLog(@"Message passed to Mail");

}

解决方案 2（Apple scriptingbridge 框架）： 您可以使用 Apple 的 scriptingbridge 框架来使用 Mail 发送您的消息
Apple's exmaple link 这非常简单，您只需在项目中添加规则和 Mail.app 即可。仔细阅读 Readme.txt。

更改“emailMessage.visible = YES;”到“emailMessage.visible = NO;”所以它会在后台发送它。

缺点：用户需要在Mail下拥有有效账户。

解决方案 3（Python 脚本（无用户帐户）： 您还可以使用 python 脚本发送消息。 缺点：用户必须输入 SMTP 详细信息，除非您从 Mail 中获取它们（但是您可以直接使用上面的解决方案 1），或者您必须在您的应用程序中硬编码一个可靠的 SMTP 中继（您可以设置一个 gmail 帐户并使用它为此，如果您的应用程序发送的电子邮件过多，Google 可以删除您的帐户 (SPAM))
我使用这个 python 脚本：

import sys
import smtplib
import os
import optparse

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import Encoders

username = sys.argv[1]
hostname = sys.argv[2]
port = sys.argv[3]
from_addr = sys.argv[4]
to_addr = sys.argv[5]
subject = sys.argv[6]
text = sys.argv[7]

password = getpass.getpass() if sys.stdin.isatty() else sys.stdin.readline().rstrip('\n')

message = MIMEMultipart()
message['From'] = from_addr
message['To'] = to_addr
message['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
message['Subject'] = subject
#message['Cc'] = COMMASPACE.join(cc)
message.attach(MIMEText(text))

i = 0
for file in sys.argv:
    if i > 7:
        part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
        part.set_payload(open(file, 'rb').read())
        Encoders.encode_base64(part)
        part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"' % os.path.basename(file))
        message.attach(part)
    i = i + 1

smtp = smtplib.SMTP(hostname,port)
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username, password)
del password

smtp.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, message.as_string())
smtp.close()

我称之为使用 gmail 帐户发送电子邮件的这种方法

- (bool) sendEmail:(NSTask *) task toAddress:(NSString *) toAddress withSubject:(NSString *) subject Attachments:(NSArray *) attachments {

        NSLog(@"Trying to send email message");
        //set arguments including attachments
        NSString *username = @"my.gmail.account@gmail.com";
        NSString *hostname = @"smtp.gmail.com";
        NSString *port = @"587";
        NSString *fromAddress = @"my.gmail.account@gmail.com";  
        NSString *bodyText = @"Body text \n\r"; 
        NSMutableArray *arguments = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:
                                    programPath,
                                    username,
                                    hostname,
                                    port, 
                                    fromAddress, 
                                    toAddress,
                                    subject,
                                    bodyText, 
                                    nil];  
        for (int i = 0; i < [attachments count]; i++) {
            [arguments addObject:[attachments objectAtIndex:i]];
        }

        NSData *passwordData = [@"myGmailPassword" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];


        NSDictionary *environment = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
                                     @"", @"PYTHONPATH",
                                     @"/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin", @"PATH",
                                     nil];
        [task setEnvironment:environment];
        [task setLaunchPath:@"/usr/bin/python"];

        [task setArguments:arguments];

        NSPipe *stdinPipe = [NSPipe pipe];
        [task setStandardInput:stdinPipe];

        [task launch];

        [[stdinPipe fileHandleForReading] closeFile];
        NSFileHandle *stdinFH = [stdinPipe fileHandleForWriting];
        [stdinFH writeData:passwordData];
        [stdinFH writeData:[@"\n" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [stdinFH writeData:[@"Description" dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
        [stdinFH closeFile];

        [task waitUntilExit];

        if ([task terminationStatus] == 0) { 
            NSLog(@"Message successfully sent");
            return YES;
        } else {
            NSLog(@"Message not sent");
            return NO;
        }
    }

希望对你有帮助

Answer 3

这个post 应该有帮助 - 它也引用了example code。

您还需要更改Controller.m中的第114行以在后台发送消息：

emailMessage.visible = NO;

Answer 4

您需要使用Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)。此链接将为您简要介绍其工作原理：Understanding the SMTP Protocol。