如何使用 Junit 5 使用 Testcontainer 对 Kafka 运行集成测试

Question

我正在尝试为我的 Kafka 消费者编写集成测试。
我正在使用JUnit 5，所以我无法使用@Rule 对其进行初始化，而我看到的使用@Container 初始化的示例也无法正常工作。

我尝试将我的 Junit 版本更改为 Junit 4，但这会损坏我的其他测试（所以我需要继续使用 Junit 5）。

我在 Junit 4 尝试使用这个例子： https://www.testcontainers.org/modules/kafka/

还有那些Junit 5:https://www.hascode.com/2019/01/using-throwaway-containers-for-integration-testing-with-java-junit-5-and-testcontainers/

但它无法识别我的注释（@Testcontainers、@Container）。

Gradle 导入：

testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.4.0'
testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.4.0'
implementation group: 'org.apache.kafka', name: 'kafka-clients', version: '1.1.1'
testIntegrationImplementation "org.testcontainers:kafka:1.11.4"

我将此代码作为注释上传：

@Testcontainers
public class KafkaTestContainer implements BeforeAllCallback, AfterAllCallback {

    @Container
    public KafkaContainer kafkaContainer = new KafkaContainer();
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(KafkaTestContainer.class);

    @Inject
    private KafkaTestContainer() {
        try {

        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    private String getKafkaBootstrapServers(Request request) throws IOException {
        return this.kafkaContainer.getBootstrapServers();
    }


    public void stopKafkaTestContainer() {
        // Stop the container.
        kafkaContainer.stop();

    }

    @Override
    public void afterAll(ExtensionContext context) throws Exception {
    }

    @Override
    public void beforeAll(ExtensionContext context) throws Exception {
        boolean isKafkaRunning = this.kafkaContainer.isRunning();
        if(isKafkaRunning) {
            logger.info("start Kafka docker!!");
        }
    }

isKafkaRunning 值始终为 false。

1. 对 Kafka 测试容器初始化有任何帮助吗？
2. 我错过了什么？？

Answer 1

以下是对我有用的设置：

...
<properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <testcontainers.version>1.14.3</testcontainers.version>
        <junit.jupiter.version>5.6.2</junit.jupiter.version>
        <lettuce.version>5.3.3.RELEASE</lettuce.version>
        <lombok.version>1.18.12</lombok.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-messaging</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.lettuce</groupId>
            <artifactId>lettuce-core</artifactId>
            <version>${lettuce.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- JUnit 5 dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Testcontainers dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>testcontainers</artifactId>
            <version>${testcontainers.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <version>${testcontainers.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
            <artifactId>kafka</artifactId>
            <version>${testcontainers.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

测试类示例：

@SpringBootTest
@Testcontainers
class KafkaProducerTest {

    @Container
    public KafkaContainer container = new KafkaContainer();

    @Test
    void sendMessage() {
        assertTrue(container.isRunning());
    }
}

Answer 2

您缺少以下依赖项：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.testcontainers</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
    <version>1.13.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

Answer 3

当然有更复杂的方法可以做到这一点，但我认为你只需要：

    @Override
    public void beforeAll(ExtensionContext context) throws Exception {
        while(!this.kafkaContainer.isRunning());
        logger.info("start Kafka docker!!");
    }

如果可行，您应该添加一个真正的异步框架，并实现更成熟的重试和超时。