CUDA + C++ 不能一起玩答案

【问题标题】：CUDA + C++ don't play well togetherCUDA + C++ 不能一起玩
【发布时间】：2011-05-17 02:08:15
【问题描述】：

一直在尝试编写 AES 的并行版本以在 CUDA 上工作。在终于解决了最后几个 CUDA 问题后，我开始了编译测试以确保一切正常。但是我绕了一个大弯。

1>------ Build started: Project: AES-CUDA, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------
1>Build started 05/17/2011 3:53:27 AM.
1>InitializeBuildStatus:
1>  Touching "Debug\AES-CUDA.unsuccessfulbuild".
1>CudaBuild:
1>  Compiling CUDA source file AES.cu...
1>  
1>  C:\Users\*\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\AES-CUDA\AES-CUDA>"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v4.0\bin\nvcc.exe" -gencode=arch=compute_20,code=\"sm_20,compute_20\" --use-local-env --cl-version 2010 -ccbin "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\bin"  -I"C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v4.0\include"  -G0  --keep-dir "Debug" -maxrregcount=0  --machine 32 --compile  -D_NEXUS_DEBUG -g    -Xcompiler "/EHsc /nologo /Od /Zi  /MDd " -o "Debug\AES.cu.obj" "C:\Users\*\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\AES-CUDA\AES-CUDA\AES.cu" 
1>  AES.cu
1>  tmpxft_00001bd8_00000000-0_AES.cudafe1.gpu
1>  tmpxft_00001bd8_00000000-5_AES.cudafe2.gpu
1>  AES.cu
1>  tmpxft_00001bd8_00000000-0_AES.cudafe1.cpp
1>  tmpxft_00001bd8_00000000-11_AES.ii
1>  Deleting file "tmpxft_00001bd8_00000000-6_AES.cpp3.o".
1>ClCompile:
1>  main.cpp
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(12): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(55): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(60): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(60): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(64): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(64): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(66): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(66): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(66): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(66): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(67): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(67): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(67): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(67): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(68): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(68): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(68): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(68): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(69): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(69): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(79): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(79): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(80): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(80): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(81): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(81): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(82): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(82): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(84): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(84): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(85): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(85): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(86): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(86): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(87): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(87): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(93): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(98): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(98): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(102): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(102): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(104): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(104): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(104): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(104): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(105): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(105): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(105): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(105): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(106): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(106): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(106): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(106): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(107): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(107): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(117): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(117): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(118): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(118): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(119): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(119): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(120): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(120): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(122): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(122): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(123): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(123): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(124): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(124): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(125): error C2065: 'threadIdx' : undeclared identifier
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(125): error C2228: left of '.x' must have class/struct/union
1>          type is ''unknown-type''
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(136): error C2664: 'cudaMallocPitch' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'unsigned char **' to 'void **'
1>          Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(142): error C2664: 'cudaMallocPitch' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'unsigned char **' to 'void **'
1>          Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(147): error C2664: 'cudaMalloc' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'unsigned char **' to 'void **'
1>          Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(170): error C2059: syntax error : '<'
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(175): error C2059: syntax error : '<'
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(176): error C2059: syntax error : '<'
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(177): error C2059: syntax error : '<'
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(178): error C2059: syntax error : '<'
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(182): error C2059: syntax error : '<'
1>c:\users\*\documents\visual studio 2010\projects\aes-cuda\aes-cuda\aes.cu(182): fatal error C1003: error count exceeds 100; stopping compilation
1>
1>Build FAILED.
1>
1>Time Elapsed 00:00:02.56
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

正如您从构建日志中看到的那样，我已将正确的 CUDA 4.0 构建自定义附加到我的 VS 项目中。然而，C++ 编译器正在重新解释 CUDA 源文件。任何想法都表示赞赏。

【问题讨论】：

标签： c++ cryptography cuda parallel-processing aes

【解决方案1】：

您似乎包含了 main.cpp 中的 aes.cu，这通常不是一个好主意。如果您需要混合主机和设备代码，通常应该在使用 nvcc 编译的 .cu 文件中进行。如果您有应该从主机代码和设备代码调用的函数，您可以这样声明它们：

__host__ __device__ int foo() { return do_something(); }

但是请注意，在这些函数中，您不能使用特定于设备的构造，例如 threadIdx.x。如果您有一个__device__ __host__ 函数在设备上运行时需要使用特定于设备的构造，您可以将该代码包装在#ifdef __CUDA_ARCH__ 中：

__host__ __device__ int sharedFunction { 
#ifdef __CUDA_ARCH__
    return threadIdx.x * do_something(); 
#else
    return do_something_on_the_cpu();
#endif
}

【讨论】：

我在 .cu 文件中有所有 CUDA 代码。标头中的 AES 代码，其中包含 CUDA 代码。主 C++ 文件包含写在头文件中的 AES 代码。
那是你的问题。 C++ 编译器正在尝试编译您的 AES 标头中包含的 CUDA 代码，并且它会阻塞普通 C++ 一无所知的 CUDA 特定关键字。要修复它，您需要像我上面描述的那样分离出 CUDA 代码，或者在不为 GPU 编译时将其注释掉，使用 #ifdef __CUDA_ARCH__。
nVidia GPU Computing SDK 具有相同的文件结构，尽管我从未编译过它并且缺少文件。然而，他们有一些解决方法，允许他们编译与 CUDA 集成的 Cpp 版本。