【发布时间】：2009-12-14 09:19:27
【问题描述】：
如何从 SQL Server 数据库中的所有表中删除所有行？
【问题讨论】：
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查看codeguru.com/forum/showthread.php?t=458182 并向下滚动...
-
通过删除数据库将被删除我只想重置数据
标签： sql-server-2005
【发布时间】：2009-12-14 09:19:27
【问题描述】：
请注意，如果您设置了任何参照完整性，则 TRUNCATE 将不起作用。
在这种情况下，这将起作用：
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DISABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ?'
GO
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
GO
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON; DELETE FROM ?'
GO
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
GO
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ENABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ?'
GO
编辑：需要明确的是，语句中的? 是?。它被sp_MSForEachTable 过程替换为表名。
【讨论】：
-
实际上，这仅适用于 DDL 触发器。在这种情况下： EXECP sp_MSForEachTable 'DISABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ?'
-
在 SQL Azure 中不可用 :(
-
知道了 - 如果备份文件已经存在，那么看起来 SSMS 会附加到它而不是替换它（我没有意识到这一点）。所以我删除了文件，现在“空”数据库备份文件只有 3.7 MB
-
如果我想选择数据库怎么办，比如：
USE [MyDataBase]？如果以某种方式进行调整，上述想法是否可行？...因为我不想删除 SQL 服务器保留的所有数据库。 -
这里是为 SQL Azure gist.github.com/metaskills/893599创建 sp_MSForEachTable 过程的链接
在我最近的项目中，我的任务是使用 sql 语句清理整个数据库，并且每个表都有许多约束，例如主键和外键。数据库中有超过 1000 个表，因此不可能对每个表都编写删除查询。
通过使用名为sp_MSForEachTable 的存储过程，我们可以轻松地针对单个数据库中的每个表处理一些代码。这意味着它用于处理单个 T-SQL 命令或针对数据库中的每个表处理不同的 T-SQL 命令。
因此，请按照以下步骤截断 SQL Server 数据库中的所有表：
步骤 1- 使用以下 sql 查询禁用数据库上的所有约束：
EXEC sys.sp_msforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
步骤 2- 使用以下 sql 命令对数据库的每个表执行删除或截断操作：
EXEC sys.sp_msforeachtable 'DELETE FROM ?'
步骤 3- 使用以下 sql 语句启用数据库上的所有约束：
EXEC sys.sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
【讨论】：
-
您可以简单地执行步骤 2 多次，以便第一次删除不依赖的表，第二次删除第一次失败的表，第三次删除第二次失败的表，等等跨度>
-
关于如何在
sql server azure上执行此操作的任何想法？ -
这种方法也适用于 Azure，因为它只使用普通 SQL：sqlrelease.com/delete-all-rows-from-all-tables
我不得不删除所有行并使用下一个脚本完成：
DECLARE @Nombre NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE curso CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
FOR
Select Object_name(object_id) AS Nombre from sys.objects where type = 'U'
OPEN curso
FETCH NEXT FROM curso INTO @Nombre
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1)
BEGIN
IF (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -2)
BEGIN
DECLARE @statement NVARCHAR(200);
SET @statement = 'DELETE FROM ' + @Nombre;
print @statement
execute sp_executesql @statement;
END
FETCH NEXT FROM curso INTO @Nombre
END
CLOSE curso
DEALLOCATE curso
希望这会有所帮助！
【讨论】：
-
感谢这个，因为我需要调整选择以消除一些表格。这很有效。
就我而言，我需要设置 QUOTED_IDENTIFIER。这导致对上述 Mark Rendle 的回答稍作修改：
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'DISABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ?'
GO
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
GO
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON; DELETE FROM ?'
GO
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
GO
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ENABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ?'
GO
【讨论】：
-
为我工作 - 在我收到此错误之前：
DELETE failed because the following SET options have incorrect settings: 'QUOTED_IDENTIFIER'. Verify that SET options are correct for use with indexed views and/or indexes on computed columns and/or filtered indexes and/or query notifications and/or XML data type methods and/or spatial index operations.
这是一个解决方案：
- 放弃限制（感谢this 帖子）
- 针对特定数据库遍历
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES -
SELECTS基于某些搜索条件的表格 - 从这些表中删除所有数据
- 重新添加约束
- 允许忽略某些表，例如
sysdiagrams和__RefactorLog
我最初尝试EXECUTE sp_MSforeachtable 'TRUNCATE TABLE ?'，但删除了我的图表。
USE <DB name>;
GO
-- Disable all constraints in the database
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all"
declare @catalog nvarchar(250);
declare @schema nvarchar(250);
declare @tbl nvarchar(250);
DECLARE i CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD FOR select
TABLE_CATALOG,
TABLE_SCHEMA,
TABLE_NAME
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
where
TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND TABLE_NAME != 'sysdiagrams'
AND TABLE_NAME != '__RefactorLog'
OPEN i;
FETCH NEXT FROM i INTO @catalog, @schema, @tbl;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'DELETE FROM [' + @catalog + '].[' + @schema + '].[' + @tbl + '];'
/* Make sure these are the commands you want to execute before executing */
PRINT 'Executing statement: ' + @sql
-- EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql
FETCH NEXT FROM i INTO @catalog, @schema, @tbl;
END
CLOSE i;
DEALLOCATE i;
-- Re-enable all constraints again
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all"
【讨论】：
-
这很好，但它没有考虑到非 dbo 模式。
-
我从未使用过非 dbo 模式，所以我不会明白这一点。但为什么它不起作用？我没有在任何地方指定架构，所以它默认为仅 dbo 吗？
-
如果您有一个表，例如名为 test.Table1，其中“test”是架构，如果尝试执行“DELETE FROM Table1”，您的删除操作将失败。它需要从 test.Table1 中删除。
-
@influent - 现在它考虑了非 dbo 模式
-
确实是@FluidMechanicsPotentialFlows -
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql语句已被注释掉。这是以防万一有人将此 SQL 复制/粘贴到 SSMS 中而不先阅读它
Set nocount on
Exec sp_MSforeachtable 'Alter Table ? NoCheck Constraint All'
Exec sp_MSforeachtable
'
If ObjectProperty(Object_ID(''?''), ''TableHasForeignRef'')=1
Begin
-- Just to know what all table used delete syntax.
Print ''Delete from '' + ''?''
Delete From ?
End
Else
Begin
-- Just to know what all table used Truncate syntax.
Print ''Truncate Table '' + ''?''
Truncate Table ?
End
'
Exec sp_MSforeachtable 'Alter Table ? Check Constraint All'
【讨论】：
您可以使用 Rubens 建议的方法从所有表中删除所有行，或者您可以删除并重新创建所有表。无论如何，拥有完整的数据库创建脚本总是一个好主意，因此这可能是最简单/最快的方法。
【讨论】：
-
似乎 OP 关心参照完整性和触发器；这种情况下，你得到了最好的解决方案。我放弃了我的答案 =)
对于某些要求，我们可能不得不跳过某些表格。我编写了以下脚本来添加一些额外的条件来过滤表列表。以下脚本还将显示删除前计数和删除后计数。
IF OBJECT_ID('TEMPDB..#TEMPRECORDCOUNT') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #TEMPRECORDCOUNT
CREATE TABLE #TEMPRECORDCOUNT
( TABLENAME NVARCHAR(128)
,PREDELETECOUNT BIGINT
,POSTDELETECOUNT BIGINT
)
INSERT INTO #TEMPRECORDCOUNT (TABLENAME, PREDELETECOUNT, POSTDELETECOUNT)
SELECT O.name TableName
,DDPS.ROW_COUNT PREDELETECOUNT
,NULL FROM sys.objects O
INNER JOIN (
SELECT OBJECT_ID, SUM(row_count) ROW_COUNT
FROM SYS.DM_DB_PARTITION_STATS
GROUP BY OBJECT_ID
) DDPS ON DDPS.OBJECT_ID = O.OBJECT_ID
WHERE O.type = 'U' AND O.name NOT LIKE 'OC%' AND O.schema_id = 1
DECLARE @TableName NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE TableDeleteCursor CURSOR FAST_FORWARD
FOR
SELECT TableName from #TEMPRECORDCOUNT
OPEN TableDeleteCursor
FETCH NEXT FROM TableDeleteCursor INTO @TableName
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -1)
BEGIN
IF (@@FETCH_STATUS <> -2)
BEGIN
DECLARE @STATEMENT NVARCHAR(MAX);
SET @STATEMENT = ' DISABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ' + @TableName +
'; ALTER TABLE ' + @TableName + ' NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL' +
'; DELETE FROM ' + @TableName +
'; ALTER TABLE ' + @TableName + ' CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL' +
'; ENABLE TRIGGER ALL ON ' + @TableName;
PRINT @STATEMENT
EXECUTE SP_EXECUTESQL @STATEMENT;
END
FETCH NEXT FROM TableDeleteCursor INTO @TableName
END
CLOSE TableDeleteCursor
DEALLOCATE TableDeleteCursor
UPDATE T
SET T.POSTDELETECOUNT = I.ROW_COUNT
FROM #TEMPRECORDCOUNT T
INNER JOIN (
SELECT O.name TableName, DDPS.ROW_COUNT ROW_COUNT
FROM sys.objects O
INNER JOIN (
SELECT OBJECT_ID, SUM(row_count) ROW_COUNT
FROM SYS.DM_DB_PARTITION_STATS
GROUP BY OBJECT_ID
) DDPS ON DDPS.OBJECT_ID = O.OBJECT_ID
WHERE O.type = 'U' AND O.name NOT LIKE 'OC%' AND O.schema_id = 1
) I ON I.TableName COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT = T.TABLENAME
SELECT * FROM #TEMPRECORDCOUNT
ORDER BY TABLENAME ASC
【讨论】：
此答案通过重置身份列建立在 Zach Smith 的答案之上：
- 禁用所有约束
- 遍历所有表，您选择排除的表除外
- 从表中删除所有行
- 如果存在则重置标识列
- 重新启用所有约束
这是查询：
-- Disable all constraints in the database
EXEC sp_msforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all"
declare @catalog nvarchar(250);
declare @schema nvarchar(250);
declare @tbl nvarchar(250);
DECLARE i CURSOR LOCAL FAST_FORWARD FOR select
TABLE_CATALOG,
TABLE_SCHEMA,
TABLE_NAME
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
where
TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND TABLE_NAME != 'sysdiagrams'
AND TABLE_NAME != '__RefactorLog'
-- Optional
-- AND (TABLE_SCHEMA = 'dbo')
OPEN i;
FETCH NEXT FROM i INTO @catalog, @schema, @tbl;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'DELETE FROM [' + @catalog + '].[' + @schema + '].[' + @tbl + '];'
/* Make sure these are the commands you want to execute before executing */
PRINT 'Executing statement: ' + @sql
--EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql
-- Reset identity counter if one exists
IF ((SELECT OBJECTPROPERTY( OBJECT_ID(@catalog + '.' + @schema + '.' + @tbl), 'TableHasIdentity')) = 1)
BEGIN
SET @sql = N'DBCC CHECKIDENT ([' + @catalog + '.' + @schema + '.' + @tbl + '], RESEED, 0)'
PRINT 'Executing statement: ' + @sql
--EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql
END
FETCH NEXT FROM i INTO @catalog, @schema, @tbl;
END
CLOSE i;
DEALLOCATE i;
-- Re-enable all constraints again
EXEC sp_msforeachtable "ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all"
【讨论】：
-
由于某种原因，这通常会失败，因为它会引发 FK 约束错误。
--Load tables to delete from
SELECT
DISTINCT
' Delete top 1000000 from <DBName>.<schema>.' + c.TABLE_NAME + ' WHERE <Filter Clause Here>' AS query,c.TABLE_NAME AS TableName, IsDeleted=0, '<InsertSomeDescriptorHere>' AS [Source]--,t.TABLE_TYPE, c.*
INTO dbo.AllTablesToDeleteFrom
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES AS t
INNER JOIN information_schema.columns c ON c.TABLE_NAME = t.TABLE_NAME
WHERE c.COLUMN_NAME = '<column name>'
AND c.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'dbo'
AND c.TABLE_CATALOG = '<DB Name here>'
AND t.TABLE_TYPE='Base table'
--AND t.TABLE_NAME LIKE '<put filter here>'
DECLARE @TableSelect NVARCHAR(1000)= '';
DECLARE @Table NVARCHAR(1000)= '';
DECLARE @IsDeleted INT= 0;
DECLARE @NumRows INT = 1000000;
DECLARE @Source NVARCHAR(50)='';
WHILE ( @IsDeleted = 0 )
BEGIN
--This grabs one table at a time to be deleted from. @TableSelect has the sql to execute. it is important to order by IsDeleted ASC
--because it will pull tables to delete from by those that have a 0=IsDeleted first. Once the loop grabs a table with IsDeleted=1 then this will pop out of loop
SELECT TOP 1
@TableSelect = query,
@IsDeleted = IsDeleted,
@Table = TableName,
@Source=[a].[Source]
FROM dbo.AllTablesToDeleteFrom a
WHERE a.[Source]='SomeDescriptorHere'--use only if needed
ORDER BY a.IsDeleted ASC;--this is required because only those records returned with IsDeleted=0 will run through loop
--SELECT @Table; can add this in to monitor what table is being deleted from
WHILE ( @NumRows = 1000000 )--only delete a million rows at a time?
BEGIN
EXEC sp_executesql @TableSelect;
SET @NumRows = @@ROWCOUNT;
--IF @NumRows = 1000000 --can do something here if needed
--One wants this loop to continue as long as a million rows is deleted. Once < 1 million rows is deleted it pops out of loop
--and grabs next table to delete
-- BEGIN
--SELECT @NumRows;--can add this in to see current number of deleted records for table
INSERT INTO dbo.DeleteFromAllTables
( tableName,
query,
cnt,
[Source]
)
SELECT @Table,
@TableSelect,
@NumRows,
@Source;
-- END;
END;
SET @NumRows = 1000000;
UPDATE a
SET a.IsDeleted = 1
FROM dbo.AllTablesToDeleteFrom a
WHERE a.TableName = @Table;
--flag this as deleted so you can move on to the next table to delete from
END;
【讨论】：
如果您只有约束，只需将此行粘贴到查询中并运行它
EXEC sys.sp_msforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sys.sp_msforeachtable 'DELETE FROM ?'
EXEC sys.sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
【讨论】：
如果要删除整张表，必须按照下一条SQL指令进行
Delete FROM TABLE Where PRIMARY_KEY_ is Not NULL;
【讨论】：