【发布时间】:2012-01-22 00:05:50
【问题描述】:
我是 Xcode 编程的新手,我正在尝试使用支持 60 FPS 视网膜显示的 OpenGL 创建 iPhone 游戏,但运行速度太慢。我基于 developer.apple 上的 GLSprite 示例。我已经尽我所能对其进行了优化,但它在模拟器上一直运行
OpenGL加载代码,只调用一次,开头:
glViewport(0, 0, backingWidth, backingHeight);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrthof(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.5f, 1.5f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glBindFramebufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, viewFramebuffer);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,texture[0]); //Binds a texture loaded previously with the code given below
glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, 0, vertexes); //The array holding the vertexes
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, uvCoord); //The array holding the uv coordinates
glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
纹理加载方式:
- (void)loadSprite:(NSString*)filename intoPos:(int)pos { //Loads a texture within the bundle, at the given position in an array storing all textures (but I actually just use one at a time)
CGImageRef spriteImage;
CGContextRef spriteContext;
GLubyte *spriteData;
size_t width, height;
// Sets up matrices and transforms for OpenGL ES
glViewport(0, 0, backingWidth, backingHeight);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
glOrthof(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.5f, 1.5f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
// Clears the view with black
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
// Sets up pointers and enables states needed for using vertex arrays and textures
glVertexPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, spriteVertices);
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, 0, spriteTexcoords);
glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
// Creates a Core Graphics image from an image file
spriteImage = [UIImage imageNamed:filename].CGImage;
// Get the width and height of the image
width = CGImageGetWidth(spriteImage);
height = CGImageGetHeight(spriteImage);
textureWidth[pos]=width;
textureHeight[pos]=height;
NSLog(@"Width %lu; Height %lu",width,height);
// Texture dimensions must be a power of 2. If you write an application that allows users to supply an image,
// you'll want to add code that checks the dimensions and takes appropriate action if they are not a power of 2.
if(spriteImage) {
// Allocated memory needed for the bitmap context
spriteData = (GLubyte *) calloc(width * height * 4, sizeof(GLubyte));
// Uses the bitmap creation function provided by the Core Graphics framework.
spriteContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(spriteData, width, height, 8, width * 4, CGImageGetColorSpace(spriteImage), kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast);
// After you create the context, you can draw the sprite image to the context.
CGContextDrawImage(spriteContext, CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, (CGFloat)width, (CGFloat)height), spriteImage);
// You don't need the context at this point, so you need to release it to avoid memory leaks.
CGContextRelease(spriteContext);
// Use OpenGL ES to generate a name for the texture.
glGenTextures(1, &texture[pos]);
// Bind the texture name.
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[pos]);
curTexture=pos;
if (1) { //This should convert pixel format
NSLog(@"convert to 4444");
void* tempData;
unsigned int* inPixel32;
unsigned short* outPixel16;
tempData = malloc(height * width * 2);
inPixel32 = (unsigned int*)spriteData;
outPixel16 = (unsigned short*)tempData;
NSUInteger i;
for(i = 0; i < width * height; ++i, ++inPixel32)
*outPixel16++ = ((((*inPixel32 >> 0) & 0xFF) >> 4) << 12) | ((((*inPixel32 >> 8) & 0xFF) >> 4) << 8) | ((((*inPixel32 >> 16) & 0xFF) >> 4) << 4) | ((((*inPixel32 >> 24) & 0xFF) >> 4) << 0);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_4_4_4_4, tempData);
free(tempData);
} else {
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, spriteData);
}
// Set the texture parameters to use a minifying filter and a linear filer (weighted average)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
// Specify a 2D texture image, providing the a pointer to the image data in memory
//glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, spriteData);
// Release the image data
free(spriteData);
// Enable use of the texture
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
// Set a blending function to use
glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
// Enable blending
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
}
每个游戏循环调用的实际绘图代码:
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vertexIndex); //vertexIndex is the maximum number of vertexes at this loop
glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, viewRenderbuffer);
[context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES];
【问题讨论】:
-
您是否分析过您的代码以查看减速的位置?如果没有,你应该运行 Instruments 并做一个时间样本,看看你的代码在哪里花费了大部分时间。这将告诉您需要进行哪些优化。 OpenGL 应该适合您正在尝试做的事情。
标签: iphone performance opengl-es