python子进程中的rsync + ssh在目录名称中出现空格错误

Question

当我运行我的 Python 应用程序（在本地同步远程目录）时，如果包含我的应用程序的目录的名称中有一个或多个空格，我会遇到问题。 目录名称出现在 ssh 选项中，例如“-o UserKnownHostsFile=<path>”和“-i <path>”。 我尝试在生成命令字符串的函数中使用双引号路径，但没有。我也尝试像这样替换空格：path.replace(' ', '\\ ')，但它不起作用。 请注意，我的代码适用于不带空格的目录名。 ssh 返回的错误是“行尾垃圾”（代码 12） 生成的命令行似乎没问题..

rsync -rztv --delete --stats --progress --timeout=900 --size-only --dry-run \
    -e 'ssh -o BatchMode=yes \
    -o UserKnownHostsFile="/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/.ssh/known_hosts" \
    -i "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/.ssh/id_rsa"'
    user@host:/home/user/folder/ "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/folder/"

我做错了什么？谢谢！

Answer 1

您是否尝试过将命令构建为参数列表 - 我在为 ssh 连接传递密钥文件时遇到了类似问题：

command = [
  "rsync",
  "-rztv",
  "--delete",
  "--stats",
  "--progress",
  "--timeout=900",
  "--size-only",
  "--dry-run",
  "-e",
  "ssh -o BatchMode=yes -o UserKnownHostsFile='/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/.ssh/known_hosts' -i '/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/.ssh/id_rsa'",
  "user@host:/home/user/folder/",
  "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/folder/"
]

sp = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
output = sp.communicate()[0]

Answer 2

子命令返回的数据包含空格作为分隔符。尝试更新内部字段分隔符 (IFS) 列表，例如：

# store a copy of the current IFS
SAVEIFS=$IFS;
# set IFS to be newline-only
IFS=$(echo -en "\n\b");

# execute your command(s)
rsync -rztv --delete --stats --progress --timeout=900 --size-only --dry-run -e 'ssh -o BatchMode=yes -o UserKnownHostsFile="/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/.ssh/known_hosts" -i "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/.ssh/id_rsa"' user@host:/home/user/folder/ "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my\ app/folder/"

# put the original IFS back
IFS=$SAVEIFS;

我没有使用你的命令进行测试，尽管它在我过去尝试过的所有情况下都有效。

Answer 3

为避免转义问题，请使用原始字符串，

raw_string = r'''rsync -rztv --delete --stats --progress --timeout=900 --size-only --dry-run -e 'ssh -o BatchMode=yes -o UserKnownHostsFile="/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my app/.ssh/known_hosts" -i "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my app/.ssh/id_rsa"' user@host:/home/user/folder/ "/cygdrive/C/Users/my.user/my app/folder/"'''

sp = subprocess.Popen(raw_string, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
output = sp.communicate()[0]