在不同屏幕分辨率下动态改变 JFrame 的大小

Question

因此，对于一个学校项目，我用 Java 制作了一本成绩册。创建 gui 时，我在 setBounds() 方法中使用了硬编码值。现在，当我的屏幕分辨率为 1024×768 时，它看起来还不错，但是当我买了一台新笔记本电脑并且它的屏幕为 4k 时，它在我运行程序时看起来超级小。

所以我的问题是有没有办法动态改变Jframe 和框架上所有相关对象的大小，使其与屏幕分辨率相匹配？

我知道你可以从这里得到屏幕分辨率

Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();

double width = screenSize.getWidth();

double height = screenSize.getHeight();

但我不知道最好的方法是什么。

Answer 1

以你的方法为例，以this answer和this tutorial为基础，你有线索：

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter;
import java.awt.event.ComponentEvent;

import javax.swing.JFrame;


public class Q1 extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Q1 frame = new Q1();

        frame.setSize(300, 300);
        frame.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(300, 300));
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);     
    }

    public Q1() {
        this.addComponentListener(new ComponentAdapter() {
            public void componentResized(ComponentEvent e) {
                // This is only called when the user releases the mouse button.
                System.out.println("componentResized");
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void validate() {
        resize();
        super.validate();

    };

    private void resize() {
        Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();

        double width = screenSize.getWidth();

        double height = screenSize.getHeight();

        System.out.println(width + "," + height);
    }
}

这将在您调整框架大小时打印屏幕大小，因此您只需在调整大小方法中添加一个 if/else 以使框架更大

输出

1366.0,768.0
1366.0,768.0
componentResized
1366.0,768.0
1366.0,768.0
componentResized
1366.0,768.0
1366.0,768.0
componentResized

Answer 2

布局管理器是一个实现 LayoutManager 的对象 interface* 并确定组件的大小和位置 一个容器内。尽管组件可以提供大小和对齐方式 提示，容器的布局管理器对大小和 组件在容器中的位置。

查看我找到的使用布局管理器的示例。希望您有所了解。原作者是here 设置一个布局管理器，如 BorderLayout，然后更具体地定义您的面板应该去哪里：like

MainPanel mainPanel = new MainPanel();
JFrame mainFrame = new JFrame();
mainFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
mainFrame.add(mainPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
mainFrame.pack();
mainFrame.setVisible(true);

将面板放入框架的中心区域，并在调整框架大小时使其自动增长。完整用法请参见下面的示例：

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.Box;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class TestLayoutManagers {

    private JPanel northFlowLayoutPanel;
    private JPanel southBorderLayoutPanel;
    private JPanel centerGridBagLayoutPanel;
    private JPanel westBoxLayoutPanel;
    private JPanel eastGridLayoutPanel;

    private final JButton northButton = new JButton("North Button");
    private final JButton southButton = new JButton("South Button");
    private final JButton centerButton = new JButton("Center Button");
    private final JButton eastButton = new JButton("East Button");
    private final JButton westButton = new JButton("West Button");

    public TestLayoutManagers() {
        northFlowLayoutPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
        southBorderLayoutPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        centerGridBagLayoutPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
        eastGridLayoutPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 1));
        Box box = Box.createHorizontalBox();
        westBoxLayoutPanel = new JPanel();

        northFlowLayoutPanel.add(northButton);
        northFlowLayoutPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Flow Layout"));

        southBorderLayoutPanel.add(southButton);
        southBorderLayoutPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Border Layout"));

        centerGridBagLayoutPanel.add(centerButton);
        centerGridBagLayoutPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("GridBag Layout"));

        eastGridLayoutPanel.add(eastButton);
        eastGridLayoutPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Grid Layout"));

        box.add(westButton);
        westBoxLayoutPanel.add(box);
        westBoxLayoutPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Box Layout"));

        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test Layout Managers");
        frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());      // This is the deafault layout
        frame.add(northFlowLayoutPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
        frame.add(southBorderLayoutPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
        frame.add(centerGridBagLayoutPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.add(eastGridLayoutPanel, BorderLayout.LINE_END);
        frame.add(westBoxLayoutPanel, BorderLayout.LINE_START);

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setExtendedState(JFrame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH);

}

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                TestLayoutManagers testLayoutManagers
                        = new TestLayoutManagers();
            }
        });
    }
}