这个我很感兴趣，我终于有机会研究它了。其他人显然不明白这是 finding view 的问题，而不是 routing 本身的问题 - 这可能是因为您的问题标题表明它是关于路由。
在任何情况下，由于这是一个与视图相关的问题，因此获得所需内容的唯一方法是覆盖默认视图引擎。通常，当您这样做时，只是为了切换视图引擎（即切换到 Spark、NHaml 等）。在这种情况下，我们需要重写的不是视图创建逻辑，而是VirtualPathProviderViewEngine 类中的FindPartialView 和FindView 方法。
感谢你的幸运星，这些方法实际上是虚拟的，因为 VirtualPathProviderViewEngine 中的其他所有内容甚至都可访问 - 它是私有的，这使得它非常 em> 重写查找逻辑很烦人，因为如果您希望它与位置缓存和位置格式很好地配合，您基本上必须重写一半已经编写的代码。在对 Reflector 进行了一些挖掘之后，我终于想出了一个可行的解决方案。
我在这里所做的是首先创建一个抽象的AreaAwareViewEngine，它直接派生自VirtualPathProviderViewEngine，而不是WebFormViewEngine。我这样做是为了如果你想创建 Spark 视图（或其他），你仍然可以使用这个类作为基类型。
下面的代码相当冗长，所以给你一个快速总结它的实际作用：它可以让你将{2} 放入位置格式，它对应于区域名称，同样的方式@987654329 @ 对应于控制器名称。而已！这就是我们必须编写所有这些代码的目的：
BaseAreaAwareViewEngine.cs
public abstract class BaseAreaAwareViewEngine : VirtualPathProviderViewEngine
{
private static readonly string[] EmptyLocations = { };
public override ViewEngineResult FindView(
ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName,
string masterName, bool useCache)
{
if (controllerContext == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(viewName))
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(viewName,
"Value cannot be null or empty.");
}
string area = getArea(controllerContext);
return FindAreaView(controllerContext, area, viewName,
masterName, useCache);
}
public override ViewEngineResult FindPartialView(
ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName,
bool useCache)
{
if (controllerContext == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");
}
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(partialViewName))
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(partialViewName,
"Value cannot be null or empty.");
}
string area = getArea(controllerContext);
return FindAreaPartialView(controllerContext, area,
partialViewName, useCache);
}
protected virtual ViewEngineResult FindAreaView(
ControllerContext controllerContext, string areaName, string viewName,
string masterName, bool useCache)
{
string controllerName =
controllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");
string[] searchedViewPaths;
string viewPath = GetPath(controllerContext, ViewLocationFormats,
"ViewLocationFormats", viewName, controllerName, areaName, "View",
useCache, out searchedViewPaths);
string[] searchedMasterPaths;
string masterPath = GetPath(controllerContext, MasterLocationFormats,
"MasterLocationFormats", masterName, controllerName, areaName,
"Master", useCache, out searchedMasterPaths);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(viewPath) &&
(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(masterPath) ||
string.IsNullOrEmpty(masterName)))
{
return new ViewEngineResult(CreateView(controllerContext, viewPath,
masterPath), this);
}
return new ViewEngineResult(
searchedViewPaths.Union<string>(searchedMasterPaths));
}
protected virtual ViewEngineResult FindAreaPartialView(
ControllerContext controllerContext, string areaName,
string viewName, bool useCache)
{
string controllerName =
controllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");
string[] searchedViewPaths;
string partialViewPath = GetPath(controllerContext,
ViewLocationFormats, "PartialViewLocationFormats", viewName,
controllerName, areaName, "Partial", useCache,
out searchedViewPaths);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(partialViewPath))
{
return new ViewEngineResult(CreatePartialView(controllerContext,
partialViewPath), this);
}
return new ViewEngineResult(searchedViewPaths);
}
protected string CreateCacheKey(string prefix, string name,
string controller, string area)
{
return string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
":ViewCacheEntry:{0}:{1}:{2}:{3}:{4}:",
base.GetType().AssemblyQualifiedName,
prefix, name, controller, area);
}
protected string GetPath(ControllerContext controllerContext,
string[] locations, string locationsPropertyName, string name,
string controllerName, string areaName, string cacheKeyPrefix,
bool useCache, out string[] searchedLocations)
{
searchedLocations = EmptyLocations;
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))
{
return string.Empty;
}
if ((locations == null) || (locations.Length == 0))
{
throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("The property " +
"'{0}' cannot be null or empty.", locationsPropertyName));
}
bool isSpecificPath = IsSpecificPath(name);
string key = CreateCacheKey(cacheKeyPrefix, name,
isSpecificPath ? string.Empty : controllerName,
isSpecificPath ? string.Empty : areaName);
if (useCache)
{
string viewLocation = ViewLocationCache.GetViewLocation(
controllerContext.HttpContext, key);
if (viewLocation != null)
{
return viewLocation;
}
}
if (!isSpecificPath)
{
return GetPathFromGeneralName(controllerContext, locations, name,
controllerName, areaName, key, ref searchedLocations);
}
return GetPathFromSpecificName(controllerContext, name, key,
ref searchedLocations);
}
protected string GetPathFromGeneralName(ControllerContext controllerContext,
string[] locations, string name, string controllerName,
string areaName, string cacheKey, ref string[] searchedLocations)
{
string virtualPath = string.Empty;
searchedLocations = new string[locations.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < locations.Length; i++)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(areaName) && locations[i].Contains("{2}"))
{
continue;
}
string testPath = string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
locations[i], name, controllerName, areaName);
if (FileExists(controllerContext, testPath))
{
searchedLocations = EmptyLocations;
virtualPath = testPath;
ViewLocationCache.InsertViewLocation(
controllerContext.HttpContext, cacheKey, virtualPath);
return virtualPath;
}
searchedLocations[i] = testPath;
}
return virtualPath;
}
protected string GetPathFromSpecificName(
ControllerContext controllerContext, string name, string cacheKey,
ref string[] searchedLocations)
{
string virtualPath = name;
if (!FileExists(controllerContext, name))
{
virtualPath = string.Empty;
searchedLocations = new string[] { name };
}
ViewLocationCache.InsertViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext,
cacheKey, virtualPath);
return virtualPath;
}
protected string getArea(ControllerContext controllerContext)
{
// First try to get area from a RouteValue override, like one specified in the Defaults arg to a Route.
object areaO;
controllerContext.RouteData.Values.TryGetValue("area", out areaO);
// If not specified, try to get it from the Controller's namespace
if (areaO != null)
return (string)areaO;
string namespa = controllerContext.Controller.GetType().Namespace;
int areaStart = namespa.IndexOf("Areas.");
if (areaStart == -1)
return null;
areaStart += 6;
int areaEnd = namespa.IndexOf('.', areaStart + 1);
string area = namespa.Substring(areaStart, areaEnd - areaStart);
return area;
}
protected static bool IsSpecificPath(string name)
{
char ch = name[0];
if (ch != '~')
{
return (ch == '/');
}
return true;
}
}
现在如上所述，这不是一个具体的引擎，因此您也必须创建它。幸运的是，这部分要容易得多，我们需要做的就是设置默认格式并实际创建视图：
AreaAwareViewEngine.cs
public class AreaAwareViewEngine : BaseAreaAwareViewEngine
{
public AreaAwareViewEngine()
{
MasterLocationFormats = new string[]
{
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.master",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.master",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.master",
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.master"
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
};
ViewLocationFormats = new string[]
{
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.aspx",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.ascx",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.aspx",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.ascx",
"~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.aspx",
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.ascx",
"~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.aspx"
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.ascx"
"~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
};
PartialViewLocationFormats = ViewLocationFormats;
}
protected override IView CreatePartialView(
ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialPath)
{
if (partialPath.EndsWith(".cshtml"))
return new System.Web.Mvc.RazorView(controllerContext, partialPath, null, false, null);
else
return new WebFormView(controllerContext, partialPath);
}
protected override IView CreateView(ControllerContext controllerContext,
string viewPath, string masterPath)
{
if (viewPath.EndsWith(".cshtml"))
return new RazorView(controllerContext, viewPath, masterPath, false, null);
else
return new WebFormView(controllerContext, viewPath, masterPath);
}
}
请注意，我们在标准 ViewLocationFormats 中添加了一些条目。这些是新的{2} 条目，其中{2} 将映射到我们放入RouteData 的area。我已经单独留下了MasterLocationFormats，但显然你可以根据需要更改它。
现在修改您的global.asax 以注册此视图引擎：
Global.asax.cs
protected void Application_Start()
{
RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
ViewEngines.Engines.Clear();
ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new AreaAwareViewEngine());
}
...并注册默认路由：
public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
routes.MapRoute(
"Area",
"",
new { area = "AreaZ", controller = "Default", action = "ActionY" }
);
routes.MapRoute(
"Default",
"{controller}/{action}/{id}",
new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = "" }
);
}
现在创建我们刚刚引用的AreaController：
DefaultController.cs（在 ~/Controllers/ 中）
public class DefaultController : Controller
{
public ActionResult ActionY()
{
return View("TestView");
}
}
显然我们需要目录结构和视图来配合它——我们将保持这个超级简单：
TestView.aspx（在 ~/Areas/AreaZ/Views/Default/ 或 ~/Areas/AreaZ/Views/Shared/ 中）
<%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" %>
<h2>TestView</h2>
This is a test view in AreaZ.
就是这样。 终于，我们完成了。
在大多数情况下，您应该能够将 BaseAreaAwareViewEngine 和 AreaAwareViewEngine 放入任何 MVC 项目中，因此即使完成此操作需要大量代码，您只需编写一次。之后，只需在global.asax.cs 中编辑几行并创建您的站点结构即可。