Monodevelop - 尝试在 linux Precise 64 (Ubuntu 12.04 LTS) 上安装

Question

我正在尝试从 http://www.mono-project.com/docs/getting-started/install/linux/#debian-ubuntu-and-derivatives 安装 Monodevelop。

我正在通过 Vagrant 使用带有 Ubuntu Precise 64 来宾操作系统的虚拟 Box VM

我已经完成了这些步骤：

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
echo "deb http://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian wheezy main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-xamarin.list
sudo apt-get update

echo "deb http://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian wheezy-libtiff-compat main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-xamarin.list

在这一点上，一切似乎都很好。 但是当我想通过键入

来安装第一个包“mono-devel”时

sudo apt-get install mono-devel

我有以下错误信息

vagrant@precise64:~$ sudo apt-get install mono-devel
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 mono-devel : Depends: libgdiplus (>= 2.6.7) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-design4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-drawing4.0-cil (>= 3.0.6) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-messaging4.0-cil (>= 2.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-runtime4.0-cil (>= 2.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel-activation4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel-web4.0-cil (>= 3.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel4.0a-cil (>= 3.2.3) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-serviceprocess4.0-cil (>= 3.0.6) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-extensions4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-services4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-webpages-razor2.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web-webpages2.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libmono-cil-dev (= 4.4.1.0-0xamarin1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
vagrant@precise64:~$ lsb_release
No LSB modules are available.
vagrant@precise64:~$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS \n \l

我也尝试过“sudo apt-get upgrade”但没有成功。

我认为 apt 也可以下载和安装所有包依赖项。为什么报错信息中提到的库文件无法加载？

如何解决问题？是不是哪里出错了？

正如 SushiHangover 在下面的答案中建议我的那样，我也尝试安装 libgdiplus，但也出现错误消息：

vagrant@precise64:~$ sudo apt-get install libgdiplus
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgdiplus : Depends: libfontconfig1 (>= 2.9.0) but 2.8.0-3ubuntu9.1 is to be installed
              Depends: libtiff5 (> 4.0.0-1~) but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

手动安装libtiff5包后：

vagrant@precise64:/vagrant$ sudo apt-get install libgdiplus
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgdiplus : Depends: libcairo2 (>= 1.4) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libexif12 but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libfontconfig1 (>= 2.9.0) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libgif4 (>= 4.1.4) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libjpeg8 (>= 8c) but it is not going to be installed
              Depends: libxrender1 but it is not going to be installed
 libtiff5 : Depends: libjbig0 (>= 2.0) but it is not installable
            Depends: libjpeg8 (>= 8c) but it is not going to be installed
            Depends: liblzma5 (>= 5.1.1alpha+20120614) but 5.1.1alpha+20110809-3 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

Answer 1

尝试运行这个：

sudo apt-get install libgdiplus

如果结果：

~~~
libgdiplus : Depends: libjpeg62-turbo (>= 1.3.1) but it is not installable
~~~

那么你需要获取旧的 libjpeg62 包：

wget http://ftp.br.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libj/libjpeg6b/libjpeg62_6b2-2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure libjpeg62_6b2-2_amd64.deb

现在你可以：

sudo apt-get install mono-devel
sudo apt-get install monodevelop

Answer 2

新的 mono 版本需要 libtiff5 包版本 >=4.0，而 Ubuntu 12.x 没有这个包。 但是这个包版本依赖于其他新包或者已有包的更新版本...

有一个可行的解决方案（在 amd64 平台上）：

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/f/fonts-freefont/fonts-freefont-ttf_20120503-4_all.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/f/fonts-freefont/ttf-freefont_20120503-4_all.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/fontconfig/fontconfig-config_2.11.0-0ubuntu4.2_all.deb
wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/fontconfig/libfontconfig1_2.11.0-0ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/j/jbigkit/libjbig0_2.1-3.1_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/x/xz-utils/liblzma5_5.1.1alpha+20120614-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/t/tiff/libtiff5_4.0.6-1_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure fonts-freefont-ttf_20120503-4_all.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure ttf-freefont_20120503-4_all.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure fontconfig-config_2.11.0-0ubuntu4.2_all.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure libfontconfig1_2.11.0-0ubuntu4.2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure libjbig0_2.1-3.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure liblzma5_5.1.1alpha+20120614-2ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg --install --recursive --auto-deconfigure libtiff5_4.0.6-1_amd64.deb

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
echo "deb http://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian wheezy main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-xamarin.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mono-devel