模块案例名称混淆

Question

我犯了更新软件的错误，现在我无法运行任何 OUnit 测试。

我想我已经设法将问题归结为一个简单的 REPL 会话。

$ ocaml -I /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit
        OCaml version 4.01.0

# Ounit.assert_equal;;
Error: Wrong file naming: /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/ounit.cmi
contains the compiled interface for
Ounit when OUnit was expected
# OUnit.assert_equal;;
Error: Reference to undefined global `OUnit'

任何想法我做错了什么？

我在具有默认 case-insensitive/case-preserving 文件系统的 Mac 笔记本电脑上运行此程序，但使用包含路径的大小写没有帮助。

---

我更大的问题是这样表现的：

ocamlbuild \
  -libs \
  nums,str,unix,oUnit,graph \
  -cflags \
  -g,-w,+a-4,-warn-error,+a-4,-I,/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit,-I,/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/ocamlgraph \
  -lflags \
  -g,-I,/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit,-I,/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/ocamlgraph \
  ./AllTests.native

Error: No implementations provided for the following modules:
     OUnitCore referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitLoggerStd referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitUtils referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitConf referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitAssert referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitBracket referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitTest referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitRunner referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitChooser referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitLogger referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2),
       /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit)
     OUnitTestData referenced from /opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmxa(OUnit2)
Command exited with code 2.
Compilation unsuccessful after building 646 targets (645 cached) in 00:00:02.

Answer 1

您的第一个错误可能是因为您的操作系统不区分文件名中的大小写，但 OCaml 可以：

$ ocamlobjinfo `ocamlfind query oUnit`/oUnit.cmi
File /mnt/home/jun/.opam/system/lib/oUnit/oUnit.cmi
Unit name: OUnit
Interfaces imported:
    cb146e345f0b34fc8ad4b5afe69d1f20    OUnit
    ...

您可以看到该模块被称为“OUnit”而不是“Ounit”。

第二个错误显然是因为该库尚未加载到 REPL 中。 REPL 知道该函数的存在，但没有加载任何代码。如果您加载库及其所依赖的库，则可以访问它：

ocaml -I `ocamlfind query oUnit` unix.cma oUnitAdvanced.cma oUnit.cma
        OCaml version 4.01.0

# OUnit.assert_equal;;
- : ?cmp:('a -> 'a -> bool) ->
    ?printer:('a -> string) ->
    ?pp_diff:(Format.formatter -> 'a * 'a -> unit) ->
    ?msg:string -> 'a -> 'a -> unit
= <fun>

Answer 2

我通过将ocamlbuild 调用更改为使用-use-ocamlfind 解决了这个问题，这似乎可以解决所有路径混乱。

我还卸载了所有 OCaml 模块，而是安装了 OPAM，然后通过 OPAM 安装了 OUnit 和其他模块，然后重新登录，以便我的环境是原始的。

现在适合我的构建命令是

ocamlbuild \
    -use-ocamlfind \
    -libs   graph \
    -pkgs   str,unix,ounit \
    -cflags -g,-w,+a-4,-warn-error,+a-4,-I,/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/ocamlgraph \
    -lflags -g,-I,/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/ocamlgraph \
    ./AllTests.native

由我更新的构建脚本生成

(* Usage: ocaml make.ml [<ModuleToBuild>.{byte,native}] *)

#load "unix.cma";;

let args = match Array.to_list Sys.argv with
  | []      -> failwith "no program on argv"
  | _::[]   -> ["AllTests.byte"]
  | _::argv -> argv

let library_paths = [
  (* TODO: Figure out why `opam install ocamlgraph` fails *)
  "-I"; "/opt/local/lib/ocaml/site-lib/ocamlgraph";
]

(* If the -p flag is first in the argument list, then replace it
   with a host of flags that enable profiling via ocamlprof. *)
let args, c_opt_flags, l_opt_flags =
  match args with
    | "-p"::rest ->
      (* Treat the targets as debug and profile targets. *)
      "-tags"::"debug,profile"
      (* Use profiling versions of the compilers which instrument
         various flow control constructs with entry counters. *)
      ::"-ocamlc"::"ocamlcp"
      ::"-ocamlopt"::"ocamloptp"
      ::rest,
      (* Instrument all available points. *)
      ["-P"; "a"],
      (* Link with a wrapper that dumps profiling data if program
         exits noramlly. *)
      ["-p"]
    | _ -> args, [], []

let standard_flags = [
  "-use-ocamlfind";
  (* TODO: Figure out why `opam install ocamlgraph` fails *)
  "-libs"; "graph";
  "-pkgs"; "str,unix,ounit";  (* TODO: graph *)
  "-cflags"; (String.concat "," (
    [
      "-g";
      "-w"; "+a-4";
      "-warn-error"; "+a-4";
    ]
    @ c_opt_flags
    @ library_paths));
  "-lflags"; (String.concat "," (
    [
      "-g";
    ]
    @ l_opt_flags
    @ library_paths));
]

let build_command = "ocamlbuild"

let argv = build_command::(standard_flags @ args)

let _ = begin
  Printf.printf "%s\n" (String.concat " \\\n\t" argv);
  flush stdout;
  Unix.execvp build_command (Array.of_list argv);
end;;