【发布时间】：2016-06-10 22:31:18
【问题描述】：
我正在编写一个游戏来帮助教我儿子一些语音：这是我第一次尝试使用 Java 进行编程，尽管我之前使用过其他语言。游戏有四个活动：一个初始屏幕，在您关闭它之前初始化一组变量；另一个选择用户；第三个选择玩哪个级别的游戏；第四个人实际玩游戏。
我的问题是，如果您反复进出游戏活动，该活动最终会崩溃——logcat 显示 OOM 错误。在我这样做的时候观察堆大小，并用 MAT 查看堆转储，看起来好像我正在泄漏整个第四个活动 - GC 只是没有被触发。
我已经尝试了很多方法来追踪和修复泄漏——我确信其中大部分是改进（例如从该活动中删除所有非静态内部类）而没有解决问题。但是，我刚刚尝试在模拟器上运行相同的东西（与我的设备相同的目标和 API）并且没有泄漏 - 堆大小上升和下降，GC 定期触发，它没有不要崩溃。
所以我打算在此处发布活动的代码并寻求帮助以找出可能导致泄漏的原因，但我不再确定这是正确的问题。相反，我想知道为什么它可以在模拟器上运行，但不能在手机上运行......有人有什么想法吗？
IDE：Android Studio 2.1
目标：Android 6，API 23（最低 SDK 8）
模拟器：Android Studio
设备：Sony Xperia Z2（现在运行 6.0.1，但我在最近更新之前遇到了同样的问题，即在 API 22 上）
活动代码：
public class GameActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements TextToSpeech.OnInitListener {
//TTS Object
private static TextToSpeech myTTS;
//TTS status check code
private int MY_DATA_CHECK_CODE = 0;
//LevelChooser request code
public static Context gameContext;
private int level;
public static String user;
private Typeface chinacat;
public static Activity gameActivity = null;
private static int[] goldstars = {R.drawable.goldstar1, R.drawable.goldstar2, R.drawable.goldstar3};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
gameActivity = this;
gameContext = this;
level = getIntent().getIntExtra("level", 1);
user = getIntent().getStringExtra("user");
chinacat = Typeface.createFromAsset(getAssets(), "fonts/chinrg__.ttf");
Intent checkTTSIntent = new Intent();
checkTTSIntent.setAction(TextToSpeech.Engine.ACTION_CHECK_TTS_DATA);
startActivityForResult(checkTTSIntent, MY_DATA_CHECK_CODE);
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
if (myTTS != null) {
myTTS.stop();
}
super.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
if (myTTS != null) {
myTTS.shutdown();
}
Button ok_button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
ok_button.setOnClickListener(null);
ImageView tickImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tickImageView);
tickImageView.setOnClickListener(null);
super.onDestroy();
}
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (requestCode == MY_DATA_CHECK_CODE) {
if (resultCode == TextToSpeech.Engine.CHECK_VOICE_DATA_PASS) {
myTTS = new TextToSpeech(this, this);
} else {
Intent installTTSIntent = new Intent();
installTTSIntent.setAction(TextToSpeech.Engine.ACTION_INSTALL_TTS_DATA);
startActivity(installTTSIntent);
}
}
}
public void onInit(int initStatus) {
//if tts initialized, load layout and level and assign listeners for layout elements
if (initStatus == TextToSpeech.SUCCESS) {
myTTS.setLanguage(Locale.ENGLISH);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.myImageView);
PhonemeGroup levelGroup = MainActivity.gamelevel[level]; //set possible words
levelGroup.setSubset(); //randomize subset of possible words for actual test
PhonicsWord[] testSet = levelGroup.getSubset(); //fill array of test words
TextView[] targetView = new TextView[3]; //textviews for beginning, middle & end of word
targetView[0] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.targetWord0);
targetView[1] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.targetWord1);
targetView[2] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.targetWord2);
TextView[] answersView = new TextView[3]; //textviews for possible user answer choices
answersView[0] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.letter0);
answersView[1] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.letter1);
answersView[2] = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.letter2);
//set first target word, image for word, and possible answers
testSet[0].setWord(levelGroup, targetView, answersView, imageView);
testSet[0].speakWord(myTTS);
//subset index is equal to array index for testSet, but visible to & settable by methods
levelGroup.setSubsetIndex(0);
for(int i=0; i<3; i++) {
answersView[i].setTypeface(chinacat);
}
TextView letter0 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.letter0);
letter0.setOnClickListener(new LetterOnClickListener(testSet, levelGroup, targetView, answersView, 0) );
TextView letter1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.letter1);
letter1.setOnClickListener(new LetterOnClickListener(testSet, levelGroup, targetView, answersView, 1) );
TextView letter2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.letter2);
letter2.setOnClickListener(new LetterOnClickListener(testSet, levelGroup, targetView, answersView, 2) );
Button ok_button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
ok_button.setOnClickListener(new OKButtonOnClickListener(testSet, levelGroup, targetView, level) );
ImageView tickImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tickImageView);
tickImageView.setOnClickListener(new TickClick(myTTS, testSet, levelGroup, targetView, answersView, imageView) );
imageView.setOnClickListener(new WordImageClick(testSet, levelGroup) );
}
/*else if TODO*/
}
private static class WordImageClick implements View.OnClickListener {
//speaks the test word when the test image is clicked
PhonicsWord[] testSet;
PhonemeGroup levelGroup;
public WordImageClick(PhonicsWord[] testSet, PhonemeGroup levelGroup) {
this.testSet = testSet;
this.levelGroup = levelGroup;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
testSet[levelGroup.getSubsetIndex()].speakWord(myTTS);
}
}
private static class LetterOnClickListener implements View.OnClickListener {
PhonemeGroup levelGroup;
PhonicsWord currentWord;
PhonicsWord[] testSet;
TextView[] targetView;
TextView[] answersView;
int item;
int phonemeclicked;
public LetterOnClickListener(PhonicsWord[] testSet, PhonemeGroup levelGroup, TextView[] targetView, TextView[] answersView, int phonemeclicked) {
this.testSet = testSet;
this.levelGroup = levelGroup;
this.targetView = targetView;
this.answersView = answersView;
this.phonemeclicked = phonemeclicked;
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
this.item = this.levelGroup.getSubsetIndex();
this.currentWord = this.testSet[item];
int i = currentWord.getOmit_index();
targetView[i].setText(answersView[phonemeclicked].getText());
}
}
private void crossClick(View view) {
view.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
if(view.getTag()==4){
finish();
}
}
使用静态变量gameActivity，以便在您完成关卡后，外部类可以在显示您为该关卡获得多少颗星后调用GameActivity.gameActivity.finish()（它也用于调用GameActivity.gameActivity.findViewById在另一个外部类中）。
public class ShowStarsWithDelay extends Handler {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
ImageView starView = (ImageView) ((LevelEndScreens) msg.obj).starView;
ImageView highscoreView = (ImageView) ((LevelEndScreens) msg.obj).highscoreView;
int num_currentstars = (int) ((LevelEndScreens) msg.obj).num_currentstars;
int num_finalstars = (int) ((LevelEndScreens) msg.obj).num_finalstars;
Boolean highscore = (Boolean) ((LevelEndScreens) msg.obj).highscore;
int[] goldstars = (int[])((LevelEndScreens) msg.obj).goldstars;
if(num_currentstars == num_finalstars) {
if(!highscore) {
starView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
GameActivity.gameActivity.finish();
}
});
}
else {
highscoreView.setImageResource(R.drawable.highscore);
highscoreView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
highscoreView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
GameActivity.gameActivity.finish();
}
});
}
}
else {
starView.setImageResource(goldstars[num_currentstars++]);
Message message = new Message();
LevelEndScreens endScreens = new LevelEndScreens(starView, highscoreView, num_currentstars, num_finalstars, highscore, goldstars);
message.obj = endScreens;
this.sendMessageDelayed(message, 1000);
}
}
}
【问题讨论】：
标签： java android memory-leaks garbage-collection