您可以更进一步,使用委托包装属性,利用元数据上的变量名。
用法
class SomeActivity : SomeBaseActivity {
// Declare property the with key "myImportantNumber"
// and default value 10
var myImportantNumber by preference(10)
//how to access the property
fun isMyImportantNumberReallyHight() = myImportantNumber > 100
//how to edit the property
fun incrementMyImportantNumber(times:Int){
myImportantNumber = myImportantNumber + times
}
}
代表团
委托保留一些首选项管理器的实例,并使用属性上的元数据来获取和保存共享首选项的值。
class DelegatedPreference<T>(val default: T, val contextProvider:()-> Context) {
val manager by lazy { PreferencesManager(contextProvider()) }
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
operator fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, prop: KProperty<*>): T {
return manager.get(prop.name, default)
}
operator fun setValue(thisRef: Any?, prop: KProperty<*>, value: Any) {
manager.save(prop.name, value)
}
class TypeNotImplementedException(val propName:String) : Exception("Type of ${propName} is not implemented on DelegatedPreference and thus invalid")
}
一些糖
一点扩展方法:
fun <T> Activity.preference(default:T):DelegatedPreference<T>{
return DelegatedPreference(default, {this})
}
这允许我们改变这一点:
var myImportantNumber by DelegatedPreference(10, {this})
通过更易读的东西:
var myImportantNumber by preference(10)
实际获取和保存
这里我称之为PreferencesManager(对不起,我没有想出更好的名字)负责繁重的工作,每次需要更改属性时都会调用.edit()。它看起来像:
public class PreferencesManager(context: Context) {
private val preferences = getSharedPreferences(context)
companion object Utils {
public val APP_PREFERENCES: String = "APP_PREFERENCES"
fun getSharedPreferences(context: Context): SharedPreferences {
return context.getSharedPreferences(APP_PREFERENCES, Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
}
}
public fun save(label:String, elem:Any){
when(elem){
is Int -> preferences.edit().putInt(label, elem).apply()
is String -> preferences.edit().putString(label, elem).apply()
is Float -> preferences.edit().putFloat(label, elem).apply()
is Boolean -> preferences.edit().putBoolean(label, elem).apply()
else -> throw DelegatedPreference.TypeNotImplementedException(label)
}
}
@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST", "IMPLICIT_CAST_TO_ANY")
public fun <T> get(label:String, default:T):T = when(default){
is Int -> preferences.getInt(label, default)
is String -> preferences.getString(label, default)
is Float -> preferences.getFloat(label, default)
is Boolean -> preferences.getBoolean(label, default)
else -> throw DelegatedPreference.TypeNotImplementedException(label)
} as T
}
这里还有很大的改进空间(比如参数化首选项名称而不是硬编码,为序列化其他类型提供扩展点等),但总体思路仍然存在。