类继承中的 Python/Pygame 错误

Question

所以我一直在使用类和继承，根据我有限的理解，我收集到属性应该被继承。但是，下面的第一组代码会引发此错误：'AttributeError: type object 'Characters' has no attribute 'posX' with the following code:

class Characters(object):
def __init__(self,health,posX,posY,width,height,dead,moveSpeed,yMove,xMove):
    self.health = health
    self.posX = posX
    self.posY = posY
    self.width = width
    self.height = height
    self.dead = dead
    #self.image = image
    self.yMove = yMove
    self.xMove = xMove


class Player(Characters):
def __init__(self,images,gameOver):
    self.images = (config.get('player'))
    self.gameOver = gameOver


def move(self):

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            self.gameOver = True

    keysPressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    if keysPressed[pygame.K_w]:
        Characters.yMove = -Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = self.images[1]
    if keysPressed[pygame.K_s]:
        Characters.yMove = Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = self.images[0]
    if keysPressed[pygame.K_a]:
        Characters.xMove = -Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = self.images[2]
    if keysPressed[pygame.K_d]:
        Characters.xMove = Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = pygame.transform.flip(self.images[2],True,False)

    Characters.posX += Characters.xMove
    Characters.posY += Characters.yMove

使用下面的代码，它会抛出错误：AttributeError: 'pygame.Surface' object has no attribute 'posX'

class Player(Characters):
def __init__(self,images,gameOver,posX,posY):
    self.images = (config.get('player'))
    self.gameOver = gameOver
    self.posX = posX
    self.posY = posY

def move(self):

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            self.gameOver = True

    keysPressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()

    if keysPressed[pygame.K_w]:
        Characters.yMove = -Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = self.images[1]
    if keysPressed[pygame.K_s]:
        Characters.yMove = Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = self.images[0]
    if keysPressed[pygame.K_a]:
        Characters.xMove = -Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = self.images[2]
    if keysPressed[pygame.K_d]:
        Characters.xMove = Characters.moveSpeed
        Characters.image = pygame.transform.flip(self.images[2],True,False)

    self.posX += Characters.xMove
    self.posY += Characters.yMove

我尝试过使用*args 和**kwargs、super 方法和Parent.__init__(self, attr1, attr2,...)，但它仍然会抛出相同的错误。是不是我做错了什么？

Answer 1

实例变量是继承的，因此只需通过self 引用它们即可访问它们，不要使用Characters。作为一个基本的例子：

class A(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.foo = 3;

class B(A):
    def thefoo(self):
        print self.foo

b = B()
b.thefoo()

这里，B 继承了 A 的实例变量 foo，如您所见，B 实例中的 self.foo 返回继承的值。