使用 Ceedling / Rake 构建共享库和可执行文件

Question

我最近发现了 Ceedling (https://github.com/ThrowTheSwitch/Ceedling)，这是一个不错的基于 rake 的工具，用于构建和单元测试 C 项目。在我玩了一点之后，我总体上获得了积极的体验，并认为我可以用它开始我的下一个 C 项目。

但是，ceedling 似乎无法（或在这方面没有记录）构建包含多个可执行文件或需要特定编译标志的项目。您知道使用 Rake /Ceedling 构建共享库、配置 LDFLAGS、CFLAGS 并具有多个目标的 C 项目示例吗？

Answer 1

示例项目 blinky 向您展示了编译更高级项目所需的操作。您可以通过运行ceedling example blinky 来获取它。它的project.yaml如下：

---
​
# Notes:
# This is a fully tested project that demonstrates the use
# of a timer ISR to blink the on board LED of an Arduino UNO
:project:
  :use_exceptions: FALSE
  :use_test_preprocessor: TRUE
  :use_auxiliary_dependencies: TRUE
  :build_root: build
  :release_build: TRUE
  :test_file_prefix: test_
​
#You'll have to specify these
:environment:
  - :mcu: atmega328p
  - :f_cpu: 16000000UL 
  - :serial_port: COM8  #change this to the serial port you are using!!!
  - :objcopy: avr-objcopy
  # Uncomment these lines if you are using windows and don't have these tools in your path
  # - :path:
    # - C:\mingw\bin
    # - C:\WinAVR-20100110\bin
    # - C:\WinAVR-20100110\utils\bin
    # - #{ENV['PATH']}
​
:extension:
  :executable: .bin
​
:release_build:
  :output: blinky
​
:paths:
  :test:
    - +:test/**
    - -:test/support
  :source:
    - src/**
  :support:
    - test/support
​
:defines:
  # in order to add common defines:
  #  1) remove the trailing [] from the :common: section
  #  2) add entries to the :common: section (e.g. :test: has TEST defined)
  :commmon: &common_defines []
  :test:
    - *common_defines
    - TEST
  :test_preprocess:
    - *common_defines
    - TEST
​
:tools:
  :release_compiler:
    :executable: avr-gcc
    :arguments:
      - ${1}
      - -DTARGET
      - -DF_CPU=#{ENV['F_CPU']}
      - -mmcu=#{ENV['MCU']}
      - -Iinclude/
      - -Wall
      - -Os
      - -c
      - -o ${2}
  :release_linker:
    :executable: avr-gcc
    :arguments:
      - -mmcu=#{ENV['MCU']}
      - ${1}
      - -o ${2}.bin
​
:cmock:
  :mock_prefix: mock_
  :when_no_prototypes: :warn
  :enforce_strict_ordering: TRUE
  :plugins:
    - :ignore
  :treat_as:
    uint8:    HEX8
    uint16:   HEX16
    uint32:   UINT32
    int8:     INT8
    bool:     UINT8
​
#:tools:
# Ceedling defaults to using gcc for compiling, linking, etc.
# As [:tools] is blank, gcc will be used (so long as it's in your system path)
# See documentation to configure a given toolchain for use
​
:plugins:
  :load_paths:
    - vendor/ceedling/plugins
  :enabled:
    - stdout_pretty_tests_report
    - module_generator
...

正如您在 :tools: 和 :environment: 部分中看到的那样，您可以做很多事情来自定义如何编译项目以及所需的确切设置/标志。

github docs 也对此进行了更深入的讨论，甚至给出了演练以显示 :tools: 选项中的某些设置的工作原理，如下所示：

示例 [:tools] YAML 简介

:tools:
  :test_compiler:
     :executable: compiler              #exists in system search path
     :name: 'acme test compiler'
     :arguments:
        - -I"$”: COLLECTION_PATHS_TEST_TOOLCHAIN_INCLUDE               #expands to -I search paths
        - -I"$”: COLLECTION_PATHS_TEST_SUPPORT_SOURCE_INCLUDE_VENDOR   #expands to -I search paths
        - -D$: COLLECTION_TEST_DEFINES  #expands to all -D defined symbols
        - --network-license             #simple command line argument
        - -optimize-level 4             #simple command line argument
        - "#{`args.exe -m acme.prj`}"   #in-line ruby sub to shell out & build string of arguments
        - -c ${1}                       #source code input file (Ruby method call param list sub)
        - -o ${2}                       #object file output (Ruby method call param list sub)
  :test_linker:
     :executable: /programs/acme/bin/linker.exe    #absolute file path
     :name: 'acme test linker'
     :arguments:
        - ${1}               #list of object files to link (Ruby method call param list sub)
        - -l$-lib:           #inline yaml array substitution to link in foo-lib and bar-lib
           - foo
           - bar
        - -o ${2}            #executable file output (Ruby method call param list sub)
  :test_fixture:
     :executable: tools/bin/acme_simulator.exe  #relative file path to command line simulator
     :name: 'acme test fixture'
     :stderr_redirect: :win                     #inform Ceedling what model of $stderr capture to use
     :arguments:
        - -mem large   #simple command line argument
        - -f "${1}"    #binary executable input file to simulator (Ruby method call param list sub)

来自前面示例 [:tools] YAML 简介的命令行构造

> compiler -I"/usr/include” -I”project/tests”
  -I"project/tests/support” -I”project/source” -I”project/include”
  -DTEST -DLONG_NAMES -network-license -optimize-level 4 arg-foo
  arg-bar arg-baz -c project/source/source.c -o
  build/tests/out/source.o