使用另一个文件中的第 n 行从两个字符串之间的任何地方替换每个第 n 行

Question

我实际上想使用 nth 行替换 0.txt 文件上的两个字符串之间的任何内容，)\t", 每隔 nth 行从另一个文件 1.txt 到 awk。

这类似于Replace each nth occurrence of 'foo' by numerically respective nth line of a supplied file

我一直在寻找一些东西，我试图适应这个https://stackoverflow.com/a/21876700/10824251，但我不知道它如何适用于我所寻找的东西。这是我的尝试：

awk \

'NR==FNR {a[NR]=$0; next} /^group_tree(/ /{gsub("tortoise", a[++i])} /^)\t",/1' \
    1.txt 0.txt

不要只生成消息的任何结果：

Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] -f progfile [--] file ...
Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] [--] 'program' file ...
POSIX options:      GNU long options: (standard)
.....

我的源文件：

0.txt：

"#sun\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"#sun\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",

1.txt：

(food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,)
(sky, cat,)(sun, sea,)
(car, shape)(milk, market,)
(man, shirt)(hair, life)
(dog, big)(bal, pink)

我想要的输出2.txt:

"#sun\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((sky, cat,)(sun, sea,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((car, shape)(milk, market,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((man, shirt)(hair, life))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"#sun\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((dog, big)(bal, pink))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((sky, cat,)(sun, sea,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((car, shape)(milk, market,))\t",

Answer 1

POSIX awk：

awk '
FNR==NR {a[i++] = $0}
FNR!=NR {if (sub(/group_tree[[:space:]]*\(.*\)\\t",$/,
             "group_tree("a[j%i]")\\t\"")) {j++}
         print}' 1.txt 0.txt

您的描述在group_tree 和( 之间有一个空格，但您的示例数据没有。我允许任何一种情况。

由于两种模式之间存在贪婪的.*，这并不完全可靠。如果您的所有数据都与示例相似，则可能没问题。

请注意，sub(/foo/, a[j++]) 会迭代 j，无论 sub 是否成功。

Answer 2

您从调用 awk 得到的错误消息是因为您在 awk \ 和脚本之间有一个空行，所以它就像在没有脚本和没有参数的情况下调用 awk。如果你从这里改变它：

awk \

'NR==FNR {a[NR]=$0; next} /^group_tree(/ /{gsub("tortoise", a[++i])} /^)\t",/1' \
    1.txt 0.txt

到这里：

awk \
'NR==FNR {a[NR]=$0; next} /^group_tree(/ /{gsub("tortoise", a[++i])} /^)\t",/1' \
    1.txt 0.txt

或者更习惯的说法是：

awk '
    NR==FNR {a[NR]=$0; next} /^group_tree(/ /{gsub("tortoise", a[++i])} /^)\t",/1
' 1.txt 0.txt

那么您将不会再收到该错误消息（但您将收到不同的错误消息，因为脚本仍然包含语法错误）。

不过，为了解决您的实际问题，使用 GNU awk 作为 match() 和 ARGIND 的第三个参数：

$ cat tst.awk
ARGIND == 1 {
    newVals[++totNew] = $0
    next
}
match($0,/(.*group_tree\().*(\)\\t",.*)/,a) {
    newIdx = ( (++numNew - 1) % totNew ) + 1
    $0 = a[1] newVals[newIdx] a[2]
}
{ print }

$ awk -f tst.awk 1.txt 0.txt
"#sun\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((sky, cat,)(sun, sea,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((car, shape)(milk, market,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((man, shirt)(hair, life))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"#sun\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((dog, big)(bal, pink))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((food, apple,)(bag, tortoise,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((sky, cat,)(sun, sea,))\t",
"machine(shoes_shirt.shop)\t",
"car_snif = house.group_tree((car, shape)(milk, market,))\t",

以上假设每个group_tree( 后面只有一个)\t",。