让我们先清理你的测试用例。
// meaningless when you have a WAR that is a directory.
context.setExtractWAR(false); // remove this line
// This prevents Servlet 3 behaviors when using Servlet 2.x descriptors
context.setConfigurationDiscovered(false); // Remove this
你得到的错误......
javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: env is not bound;
remaining name 'env/jdbc/NavDS'
这可能意味着服务器仍在某处运行，可能忘记停止/清理以前的服务器实例。 （查看下面的示例 junit5 测试用例，了解它如何处理非固定端口、如何引用非固定端口以及它如何停止服务器的生命周期）。
接下来，注意你的作用域。
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource(context, "jdbc/NavDS",ds);
这会将资源条目绑定到作用域context 上的jdbc/NavDS。
这意味着如果您在 WebAppContext 范围之外查找资源，
就像你对 testLookup() 方法所做的那样，它将存在于 initialContext.lookup("jdbc/NavDS")，而在其他任何地方，java:comp/env 前缀/树甚至不存在于 testLookup() 方法范围内。
在您的 web 应用程序内部，例如在过滤器或 Servlet 中，该上下文特定资源被绑定并在 jdbc:comp/env/jdbc/NavDS 可用。
你有 3 个典型的作用域。
| Order |
Scope |
EnvEntry or Resource first parameter |
| 1 |
WebApp |
new EnvEntry(webappContext, ...) or new Resource(webappContext, ...)
|
| 2 |
Server |
new EnvEntry(server, ...) or new Resource(server, ...)
|
| 3 |
JVM |
new EnvEntry(null, ...) or new Resource(null, ...)
|
如果该值在 WebApp 范围内不存在，则检查服务器范围，然后检查 JVM 范围。
您的服务器可以有一个名称 val/foo 的值，而特定的 web 应用程序可以有一个 不同 的相同名称 val/foo 的值，这取决于范围的定义方式。
接下来是 Servlet 规范中的绑定，您已经指定了 <resource-ref>，这与服务器端的声明相结合，绑定到 context 意味着您可以从特定 web 应用程序中的 servlet 访问 java:comp/env/jdbc/NavDS .
以不同的方式看待这一点，在代码中......
package jetty.jndi;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NameNotFoundException;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.EnvConfiguration;
import org.eclipse.jetty.plus.webapp.PlusConfiguration;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.IO;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.LifeCycle;
import org.eclipse.jetty.util.resource.PathResource;
import org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.Configuration;
import org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.FragmentConfiguration;
import org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class WebAppWithJNDITest
{
private static Server server;
private static WebAppContext context;
public static class JndiDumpServlet extends HttpServlet
{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException
{
resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setContentType("text/plain");
PrintStream out = new PrintStream(resp.getOutputStream(), false, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
try
{
dumpJndi(out);
}
catch (NamingException e)
{
throw new ServletException(e);
}
}
}
@BeforeAll
public static void startServer() throws Exception
{
server = new Server(0); // let os/jvm pick a port
Configuration.ClassList classList = Configuration.ClassList.setServerDefault(server);
classList.addAfter(FragmentConfiguration.class.getName(),
EnvConfiguration.class.getName(),
PlusConfiguration.class.getName());
context = new WebAppContext();
context.setContextPath("/");
// This directory only has WEB-INF/web.xml
context.setBaseResource(new PathResource(Paths.get("src/main/webroots/jndi-root")));
context.addServlet(JndiDumpServlet.class, "/jndi-dump");
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource(null, "val/foo", Integer.valueOf(707));
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource(server, "val/foo", Integer.valueOf(808));
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource(context, "val/foo", Integer.valueOf(909));
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry(null, "entry/foo", Integer.valueOf(440), false);
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry(server, "entry/foo", Integer.valueOf(550), false);
new org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.EnvEntry(context, "entry/foo", Integer.valueOf(660), false);
server.setHandler(context);
server.start();
}
@AfterAll
public static void stopServer()
{
LifeCycle.stop(server);
}
public static void dumpJndi(PrintStream out) throws NamingException
{
InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext();
List<String> paths = List.of("val/foo", "entry/foo");
List<String> prefixes = List.of("java:comp/env/", "");
for (String prefix : prefixes)
{
for (String path : paths)
{
try
{
Integer val = (Integer)ctx.lookup(prefix + path);
out.printf("lookup(\"%s%s\") = %s%n", prefix, path, val);
}
catch (NameNotFoundException e)
{
out.printf("lookup(\"%s%s\") = NameNotFound: %s%n", prefix, path, e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
@Test
public void testLookup() throws NamingException, IOException
{
System.out.println("-- Dump from WebApp Scope");
HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection)server.getURI().resolve("/jndi-dump").toURL().openConnection();
try (InputStream in = http.getInputStream())
{
String body = IO.toString(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
System.out.println(body);
}
System.out.println("-- Dump from Test scope");
dumpJndi(System.out);
}
}
src/main/webroot/jndi-root/WEB-INF/web.xml的内容
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<resource-ref>
<description>My Foo Resource</description>
<res-ref-name>val/foo</res-ref-name>
<res-type>java.lang.Integer</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
输出看起来像...
2021-10-26 17:05:16.834:INFO:oejs.Server:main: jetty-9.4.44.v20210927; built: 2021-06-30T11:07:22.254Z; git: 526006ecfa3af7f1a27ef3a288e2bef7ea9dd7e8; jvm 11.0.12+7
2021-10-26 17:05:17.012:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Started o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@19932c16{/,file:///home/joakim/code/jetty/junk/src/main/webroots/jndi-root/,AVAILABLE}
2021-10-26 17:05:17.033:INFO:oejs.AbstractConnector:main: Started ServerConnector@212b5695{HTTP/1.1, (http/1.1)}{0.0.0.0:45387}
2021-10-26 17:05:17.034:INFO:oejs.Server:main: Started @816ms
-- Dump from WebApp Scope
lookup("java:comp/env/val/foo") = 909
lookup("java:comp/env/entry/foo") = 660
lookup("val/foo") = 707
lookup("entry/foo") = 440
-- Dump from Test scope
lookup("java:comp/env/val/foo") = NameNotFound: env is not bound
lookup("java:comp/env/entry/foo") = NameNotFound: env is not bound
lookup("val/foo") = 707
lookup("entry/foo") = 440
2021-10-26 17:05:17.209:INFO:oejs.AbstractConnector:main: Stopped ServerConnector@212b5695{HTTP/1.1, (http/1.1)}{0.0.0.0:0}
2021-10-26 17:05:17.210:INFO:oejs.session:main: node0 Stopped scavenging
2021-10-26 17:05:17.214:INFO:oejsh.ContextHandler:main: Stopped o.e.j.w.WebAppContext@19932c16{/,file:///home/joakim/code/jetty/junk/src/main/webroots/jndi-root/,STOPPED}
希望上面的范围差异很明显。
Eclipse Jetty Embedded Cookbook 项目现在提供了上述测试的变体。
https://github.com/jetty-project/embedded-jetty-cookbook/
提供 3 种不同的 Jetty 口味